【摘要】 以壳聚糖和聚乙烯醇（PVA）共混材料为基质,添加少量二氧化硅,包埋硝化菌制备固定化小球并通过正交实验探索得出其优化制备条件;探究了固定化硝化菌小球对模拟景观水中氨氮降解效果的影响,并对比游离菌的降解效果。结果表明,固定化硝化菌处理NH₄⁺-N的质量浓度10 mg/L的模拟景观水中12 h,降解率在初次及重复使用1次的情况下均可达到94%以上。固定化菌株对温度、pH变化有着优良的耐受性且明显优于游离菌,其优化的固定化硝化菌小球质量与模拟景观水体积比为2 mg/100 mL,在温度30℃、pH为7、COD/ρ（TN）为2的条件下处理效果最好。测得其反应动力学符合Monod方程,其最大比降解速率为2.965μg/（L·s）,饱和常数为60.49 mg/L。更多还原

【Abstract】 Blending of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) as substrates, a small amount of silica was added to immobilize nitrifying bacteria to prepare immobilized microspheres. The optimum preparation conditions and dosage were obtained by orthogonal experiment. The effect of immobilized nitrifying bacterial microspheres on ammonia nitrogen degradation in simulated landscape water was investigated, and compared with that of free bacteria. The results showed that the immobilized nitrifying bacterial could effectively remove ammonia nitrogen with mass concentration of 10 mg/L from landscape water in 12 h, and the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen could reach over 94% under the condition of initial and repeated use. The immobilized nitrifying bacterial had the best effect when the ratio of immobilized nitrifying bacterial mass to simulated landscape water volume was 2 mg/100 mL,the temperature was 30℃, the p H was 7, and the COD/ρ(TN) was 2, their adaptability to temperature and pH was better than that of free bacteria. The reaction kinetics of immobilized nitrifying bacterial conformed to Monod equation, the maximum specific degradation rate was 2.965 μg/(L·s) and saturation constant was 60.49 mg/L.更多还原