【摘要】 结合大量汶川地震第一手现场调查资料,详细介绍了砖木结构、砌体结构、钢筋混凝土框架结构和钢结构等常见结构形式建筑的震害情况,概括、总结其各自破坏形式和破坏特征,并简单探讨其破坏机理,指出各种结构形式房屋抗震设计亟待改进的部分。学校建筑和乡镇居民自建房屋在地震中破坏最为严重,并造成了严重的人员伤亡,对其破坏原因作重点分析。最后,提出房屋规划、选址、建造和装修等过程中抗震减灾和在建房屋在规范修改后抗震加固方面存在的一系列问题,以期引起业内外人士的重视并尽快得到解决。更多还原

【Abstract】 Combining with numerous firsthand materials collecting on site after the Wenchuan earthquake,damages of the buildings with brick-timber structure,brick-masonry structure,RC frame structure and steel structure were expounded.The damage forms and aspects of each were summarized and the damage mechanisms were discussed.Then the problems of seismic design need to be improved in future were pointed out.Because buildings of schools and buildings at countryside built by the residents themselves were destroyed most severely in the earthquake,they were analyzed in emphasizes.Finally,some problems of earthquake resistance and disaster mitigation of buildings in pan,siting,construction and fitments and problems of seismic retrofit of buildings were proposed.更多还原