【摘要】 为探究将生物絮团技术应用到克氏原螯虾养殖的可能性,本实验利用生物絮团技术和普通饲料投喂2种方式短期养殖体质量为(9.70±0.32) g的克氏原螯虾30 d。比较养殖期间2实验组的水化学指标以及实验结束时2实验组幼虾的生长情况,肌肉及肝胰腺营养成分组成,胃、肠和肝胰腺组织的消化酶活性,肝胰腺和肌肉组织的抗氧化能力。结果显示,①在养殖期间,絮团组水体总氮(TN)、亚硝态氮(NO 2?-N)、硝态氮(NO 3?-N)的质量浓度均维持在较低的水平。②本实验条件下2实验组虾的终末体质量、增重率(WG)、特定生长率(SGR)、存活率(SR)均无显著差异。③絮团的粗蛋白含量可以达到36.8%,能够满足克氏原螯虾对于蛋白的需求。但絮团的粗脂肪含量较低,这也影响了絮团组幼虾肌肉组织的粗脂肪沉积量。④絮团组幼虾肝胰腺中α-淀粉酶(α-AL)、脂肪酶(LPS)、纤维素酶(CL)活性均显著高于饲料组幼虾,而饲料组幼虾在胃、肠组织中的α-AL活性较高,2实验组幼虾的胃蛋白酶活性无明显差异。⑤絮团组幼虾的抗氧化能力与饲料组幼虾相比,肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性较高,丙二醛(MDA)含量较低,但总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)以及溶菌酶(LZM)无明显差异。研究表明,生物絮团技术在克氏原螯虾的养殖中具有积极作用,可以达到与饲料投喂相同甚至更好的养殖效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the possibility of feeding the red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii) with biofloc technology, a 30-day short-term experiment was conducted to farm juveniles(9.70±0.32) g using biofloc technology and feeding normal diet. This experiment compared the hydrochemical indexes of two experimental groups during experimental period and compared the growth performance, muscle and hepatopancreas nutrient composition, the digestive enzyme activities in stomach, intestine, hepatopancreas tissues, the antioxidant capacity in hepatopancreas and muscle tissues of two groups’ juveniles at the end of the experiment. The results showed that the concentration of total nitrogen(TN), nitrite nitrogen(NO 2?-N), nitrate nitrogen(NO 3?-N) of the biofloc group were all kept at a low level during experimental period. The final weight of the juvenile shrimps, the weight gain rate(WG), the specific growth rate(SGR) and survive rate(SR) showed no significant difference in the two experimental groups under this experiment condition. The content of crude protein of the biofloc was 36.8% which could meet the protein requirement of P. clarkii. However, the crude lipid content of biofloc was significantly lower and affected the crude lipid content of muscle from biofloc group juveniles. The α-amylase(α-AL), lipase(LPS) and cellulase(CL) activities in hepatopancreas of the biofloc group juveniles were significantly higher than that of the diet group juveniles, respectively, while α-AL activity in stomach and intestine was higher in the diet group. No significant difference was found in the pepsin activity between the two experimental groups. Comparing the antioxidant capacity of crayfish juveniles from the two experimental groups, the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in hepatopancreas of juveniles from the biofloc group was significantly higher, and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) was much lower than that from the diet group. No differences were found in the activities of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC), catalase(CAT), glutathione reductase(GR) and lysozyme(LZM) in hepatopancreas of juveniles from two experimental groups. In conclusion, the biofloc technology had a positive effect on farming of the red swamp crayfish. And this technology could achieve the same or even better affect than the normal diet feeding.更多还原