【摘要】 研究不同沉水植物对水体磷的富集和生物沉积能力,为湖泊生态修复中沉水植物优势种的选择提供理论依据。研究的沉水植物为菹草（Potamogeton crispus）和粉绿狐尾藻[Myriophyllum aquaticum（Vell）Verdc],每个锥形瓶4～5株,鲜重约1 g;锥形瓶中装有含无机碳和磷的培养液200 mL。外加无机碳为NaHCO₃,添加浓度1.5 mmol/L;无机磷为K₂HPO₄,添加浓度0.1 mg/L。添加药品后溶液的pH值通过1 M的HCl和1 M的NaOH调整到8.2～8.3。试验时间为1周,培养结束后检测植物全磷、植株灰分磷及灰分磷的组成。结果表明:菹草培养12 h后,溶液pH显著上升,pH漂移值显著高于粉绿狐尾藻;无机碳含量低于粉绿狐尾藻培养液,无机碳浓度显著性影响了△pH和溶液最后的无机碳含量,但磷浓度对△pH和无机碳含量无显著影响。无机碳添加和磷水平均显著影响了菹草的灰分总磷,但无机碳的贡献百分比（55.34%）高于磷（26.73%）;无机碳添加显著影响了粉绿狐尾藻灰分总磷,而磷水平显著影响植物干重全磷。无机碳和磷浓度均显著影响了2种沉水植物灰分磷中H₂O-P百分比,但无机碳的影响占比更高（菹草46.16%,粉绿狐尾藻75.78%）。在试验处理条件下,2种植物的钙磷均占比最高,能通过降低水体磷含量抑制浮游植物的生长。更多还原

【Abstract】 Submerged aquatic vegetation can make a significant difference in the phosphorus concentration in shallow lakes. Quantitative evaluation of phosphorus fractioning and cycling during the decay of vegetation is an important consideration in the selection of species for re-establishing submerged vegetation in these lakes. In this investigation, two submerged plant species, Potamogeton crispus and Myriophyllum aquaticum（Vell） Verdc, were selected for study. The phosphorus accumulation and removal capacity of the two plants and the phosphorus content of plant ashes were analyzed to provide criteria for selecting the species of submerged vegetation for ecological restoration projects. Four or five plants of each species, with fresh weight of 1 g, were cultured in flasks with 200 mL of water with different concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon（HCO^-₃） and soluble phosphorous（SP, H₂PO^-₄/HPO■）. Dissolved inorganic carbon concentration was adjusted with NaHCO₃, soluble phosphorous（SP） concentration with K₂HPO₄ and the pH was adjusted to 8.2-8.3 with 1 M HCl or 1 M NaOH. Four treatments groups were prepared: Group A was the control, no added HCO^-₃ or SP; Group B, no added HCO^-₃ and soluble phosphorus at 0.1 mg/L; Group C, HCO^-₃ at 1.5 mmol/L and no added SP; Group D, HCO^-₃ at 1.5 mmol/L and SP at 0.1 mg/L. After one week, the plants were harvested. The solution pH and HCO^-₃, plant phosphorus content（dry weight）, and the phosphorus content and fractionation of plant ashes were determined. The solution pH of the P. crispus groups increased significantly after 12 h, and was significantly higher than that in the M. aquaticum groups, while the solution inorganic carbon content of P. crispus groups was lower than that of the M. aquaticum groups. Two-way ANOVA showed that the addition of inorganic carbon significantly affected the pH change and the final inorganic carbon content of the solution, but the addition of phosphorus had no significant effect. The addition of inorganic carbon and phosphorus both significantly affected the phosphorus contents of P. crispus ashes, and the carbon content was higher（55.34%） than the phosphorus content（26.73%）. The addition of inorganic carbon significantly affected the total phosphorus of M. aquaticum ash, while the addition of phosphorus significantly affected the total phosphorus content of dried plants. The addition of inorganic carbon and phosphorus significantly affected the percentage of water-soluble phosphorus（H₂O-P） in the ash of both species, but the contribution percentage of inorganic carbon was higher, 46.16% in the P. crispus groups and 75.78% in the M. aquaticum groups. In the plant ash of both species, the highest proportion of P was Ca-bound, indicating that phytoplankton growth could be controlled by reducing the phosphorus content of water.更多还原