【摘要】 首先概述了水生态系统健康的定义,即水体的物理、化学和生物组分的完整性。然后介绍了长江流域的主要人类活动干扰和水生态系统健康现状,主要包括水生生物生境的破碎和丧失、污染物的排放和水质问题,以及水生生物资源的衰减现状。最后在水电开发、航运、化工、采矿、农业、城镇化及渔业过度捕捞等多重人类活动干扰下,提出从以下几个方面修复长江流域的水生态系统健康:①腾让并修复水生态空间;②恢复鱼类等水生生物资源;③调整各项人类活动并开展生态修复;④加强长江生态保护法的立法以确保长效的生态修复机制的形成和维护。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper presents definition and components of aquatic ecosystems health,major human disturbances,and current aquatic ecosystems health of the Yangtze River Basin,China. Aquatic ecosystems health here refers to physical,chemical,and biological integrity of water bodies. Current aquatic ecosystem health of the Yangtze River Basin includes reduction of aquatic biological resources,fragmentation and loss of aquatic habitat,pollutants discharge and water quality problems. Aiming at multiple human disturbances (e. g.,hydropower development,navigation,chemical industry,mining,agriculture,urbanization,overfishing),the following strategies are suggested to restore the aquatic ecosystems health of the Yangtze River Basin: ① increasing and restoring aquatic eco-regions; ② restoring fish and other aquatic biological resources; ③ regulating multiple human activities,conducting related ecological restorations; ④ carrying out comprehensive legislation on ecological protection of Yangtze River to ensure formation and maintenance of the long-term ecological restoration system.更多还原