【摘要】 目的分析2004～2017年湖北省武汉市不通达标阶段(血吸虫病疫情控制(疫情控制)、血吸虫病传播控制(传控)和血吸虫病传播阻断(传阻))血吸虫病流行趋势和疫情变化,为推进消除血吸虫病工作提供指导。方法收集2004～2017年武汉市血吸虫病防治工作报表,分析人畜病情变化、螺情、野粪监测情况等指标。结果武汉市分别于2007年、2013年和2017年达到疫情控制、传控和传阻标准,其中有4个区于2017年达到血吸虫病消除标准。自2004年以来钉螺面积持续下降,传阻达标时钉螺面积较2004年下降了22.84%,降至近14年来最低水平。以垸内钉螺面积下降为主,14年间共减少了157. 80hm~2,下降了59. 92%。2004～2017年全市人群和家畜血吸虫感染率呈现逐年下降趋势,分别于传阻阶段(2016年)和传控阶段(2013年)降至为0,且除传控阶段外,其他各阶段家畜感染率基本低于同期人群感染率。全市自2009年开始无急性血吸虫病感染病例报告,2004～2017年全市晚期血吸虫累计新发病例数410例,主要集中在疫情控制阶段和传控前期(占89.27%),此后每年新发病例数大幅度降低。结论武汉市血吸虫病防治工作成效显著,但防止疫情反弹,巩固血防成果以实现血吸虫病消除目标的任务依然十分艰巨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the trend of schistosomiasis endemic status at different stages( including epidemic control,transmission control and transmission-interrupt) in W uhan area from 2004 to 2017 for scientific evidence to plan the goal for schistosomiasis elimination. Methods T he data w ere collected from the w ork statements including schistosomiasis control and regular endemic surveillance in W uhan area from 2004 to 2017,and analyzed regarding the changes of infection status in livestock,snails and findings of w ild stools. Results W uhan city had achieved the goal of schistosomiasis epidemic control,transmission control and transmission-interrupt in 2007,2013 and 2017,respectively,and schistosomiasis elimination w as achieved in 4 districts in 2017. T he areas w ith O ncomelania hupensis tended to decline since 2004,and reduced by 22.84% compared to 2017 w hen the transmission-interrupt criteria arrived,the low est level in the past 14 years. T he decrease in areas w ith snail w as dominant inside the embankment,w hich reduced to 157.80 hm~2( dropped by 59.29%) in 14 years. Schistosomiasis infection rate tended to drop in population and livestock( cattle) from 2004 to 2107,w hich decreased to zero at the stage of transmission-interrupt( 2016) and transmission control( 2013),respectively. Apart from at the transmission-interrupt stage,the infection rate w as almost low er in livestock( cattle) than in population at the corresponding period. N o acute cases of schistosomiasis occurred since 2009. Betw een 2004 and 2017,a total of 410 patients w ere reported w ith advanced schistosomiasis that w as primarily occurred at the stage of epidemic control and pre-transmission control( 89.27%).After that,new infection w as greatly decreased year by year. Conclusion Schistosomiasis control is remarkable and effective in W uhan area,yet there still remains hard w ork to consolidate the achievement and reach schistosomiasis elimination because of potential rebounding of the endemic.更多还原