【摘要】 针对城市避难场所选址和避难人员分配问题,开发了基于GIS和多目标规划模型的决策支持系统。通过图层叠加,筛选出城市风险区之外的绿地、公园等空间作为避难场所备选点。通过GIS的网络分析功能,提取城市道路网络的拓扑,计算节点之间的最短路径。建立城市避难场所选址优化的多目标规划模型,优化城市所需的避难场所个数、选址和服务区域。以中国某市的数据为例,该模型和系统已应用于避难场所规划中。结果表明:该模型能适用于实际城市应急避难场所的选址决策参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 A decision support system based on the geographic information system(GIS) and multi objective programming was developed to identify shelter locations and evacuee distributions.Candidate shelters were filtered by overlapping park locations with risk maps for different urban disasters.The city road topology was then considered to find the shortest routes among nodes calculated by the GIS network analysis function.A multi-objective programming model was then developed to optimize the number,locations and service areas of the shelters.A case study applied to a Chinese city shows that the model can be used to locate the practical urban shelter locations.更多还原