【摘要】 [目的]胺类化学吸收法是目前燃烧后捕集烟气CO₂最成熟的技术,但存在捕集能耗过高的问题,开发新型吸收剂替代传统MEA吸收剂是降低能耗的重要途径。[方法]根据近些年公开文献报道的胺类吸收剂组成,将其分成单一吸收剂、混合胺吸收剂、两相吸收剂和非水吸收剂四类,并对这四类吸收剂的技术特点、研究现状和存在问题进行了介绍。[结果]混合胺结合了不同单一胺类的优点,能较好满足高吸收速率,高吸收容量和低能耗的要求;而相变吸收剂和无水吸收剂为新一代吸收剂,潜力巨大,但仍需深入研究改进。[结论]相比而言,混合胺型吸收剂更为成熟,短期内进行工业化应用更具优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Introduction]Chemical absorption based on amines is the most mature technology for post-combustion CO₂ capture. However, this technology has the drawback of high energy cost, and developing new amine absorbent as an alternative of monoethanolamine（MEA） solution will be an important method to deal with this problem. [Method]In this review, the amine absorbent was classified into four categories according to the compositions, namely single amine absorbent, blended amine absorbent, phase-change amine absorbent and water-lean amine absorbent. The technological characteristics and research situation of these absorbents were introduced. [Result]The blended amines combine the advantages of different single amine, showing good CO₂ capture performance with high reaction rate, high absorption capacity and low energy cost. Phase-change amine absorbent and water-lean amine absorbent are the new generation of absorbents, which have great potential, but still need to be further studied and improved. [Conclusion]Therefore, blended amine is a more mature solvent which has better advantages in industrial application in the near term.更多还原