【摘要】 双酰胺类杀虫剂是一类优势明显的新型杀虫剂,防效卓越,持效期长,且与传统农药无交互抗性。然而,这类高生物活性杀虫剂的缺点也很明显:对环境中特定种类的非靶标生物毒性很高,在环境介质中的残留期很长,对生态系统的潜在风险较高。本文综述了双酰胺类杀虫剂的主要品种及其作用特点,国内外登记情况,及其对环境生物的生态毒理学研究进展等。双酰胺类杀虫剂对水生无脊椎动物、家蚕的潜在风险,乃至脊椎动物(鸟类、鱼类)的慢性风险均有待进一步开展深入研究与评估。同时,今后应继续加强双酰胺类农药使用后的环境风险监测,在发挥杀虫优势的同时避免或减少其对生态环境的污染和破坏。更多还原

【Abstract】 Diamide insecticides are a new class of pesticides with obvious advantages,excellent pest control effect,long effective period and no cross-resistance with traditional pesticides. However,the disadvantages of these highly bioactive pesticides are also obvious: high toxicity to specific non-target organisms,long persistence in soil,water,etc.,and thus high potential risks to ecosystems. This paper reviews the main varieties of diamide insecticides and their characteristics of action,the registration status at home and abroad,and the progress in eco-toxicology research on environmental organisms. The potential risks of diamide insecticides to aquatic invertebrates,silkworms,as well as the chronic risks to vertebrates( birds and fish) need further research and evaluation. At the same time,environmental risk monitoring of diamide pesticides should be strengthened in the future to avoid or reduce the pollution and damage to the ecosystems while taking their full insecticidal advantages.更多还原