【摘要】 种粮大户的经营绩效对水稻种植的积极性有直接影响,探讨种粮大户经营绩效的影响因素对保证粮食安全具有重要意义。本文基于中部5省水稻种植大户的调研数据,采用回归分析方法,分析人力资本与符号资本对经营绩效的影响,探讨其对规模化程度调节作用的响应。结果表明:种粮大户的人力资本分为"一般型"、"技能型"、"管理型"和"创新型",符号资本包括有"内部"和"外部"符号资本。种粮大户平均种植规模为6.67hm2,经营绩效的平均得分是4.860,经营绩效处于中等水平,有进一步提高的空间。人力资本和符号资本对经营绩效有显著的正向影响,规模化程度调节了不同类型的人力资本与符号资本对经营绩效的影响。相较于大规模种粮大户,当种粮大户的规模较小时,一般型人力资本和技能型人力资本对经营绩效的影响更强;村庄内部符号资本对经营绩效的影响更强。相较于小规模种粮大户,当种粮大户的规模较大时,管理型人力资本和创新型人力资本对经营绩效的影响更强;村庄外部符号资本对经营绩效的影响更强。研究表明,种粮大户可以根据自身经营规模进行不同类型的人力资本和符号资本投入以获得最佳绩效回报。因此,提出地方政府要鼓励和引导种粮大户适度地开展人力资本和符号资本的投资,适度扩大种植规模的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The business performance of the large grain-households has a direct impact on the production enthusiasm of farmers. It is of a great significance to explore the factors affecting the performance of the large grain-households.Based on a survey data of the large grain-households in the five central provinces and applying the regression analysis,this paper analyzed the influences of the human capital and the symbolic capital on business performance and discussed its response to the moderation of the scale degree. Results show that: the human capital of the large grain-households is divided into different categories, including "general", "technical", "managing" and "innovative". The symbolic capital included "internal" and "external" categories. The average production scale of the large grain-households is 6.67 hm2,and the average score of business performance is 4.860. The business performance is at a medium level and there is a potential to further improve. The human capital and the symbolic capital have significant positive impacts on business performances. The scale degree has moderated the impacts of different types of the human capital and the symbolic capital on business performance. Compared with the large scale grain-households, when the scale of the large grainhouseholds is small, the general human capital and the technical human capital have stronger impacts on business performance. The influence of the internal symbolic capital on business performance is stronger. Compared with the small-scale grain-households, the managing capital of those large-scale grain-households is large, and the managing human capital and the innovative human capital have stronger impacts on business performance. While the influence of the external symbolic capital on business performance is stronger. Results also indicate that the large grain-households can invest in different types of the human capital and the symbolic capital according to their operating scales to achieve the best performance returns. Therefore, it is proposed that local governments should encourage and guide the large grainhouseholds to appropriately invest in the human capital and the symbolic capital and to increase the scale of production.更多还原