【摘要】 利用扩增片段长度多态性(amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)分子标记技术,对金花茶(Camellia nitidissima) 4个天然种群的遗传多样性和遗传结构进行研究,为金花茶资源的有效保护和高效利用提供科学依据。结果表明,8对引物共扩增出1 619个DNA位点,其中1 473个位点具多态性,多态性位点百分率为90. 98%。金花茶物种水平基因多样性指数和Shannon信息指数为0. 146和0. 246,种群水平基因多样性指数和Shannon信息指数为0. 131和0. 215; 4个金花茶种群的多态位点百分率、基因多样性指数和Shannon信息指数变化趋势一致,其中多态位点百分率介于56. 83%～72. 11%之间,基因多样性指数介于0. 122～0. 138之间,Shannon信息指数介于0. 197～0. 228之间。金花茶种群间的遗传分化系数介于0. 139～0. 289之间,遗传变异主要存在于种群内。分子变异分析(AMOVA)结果表明,金花茶种群内遗传变异为81. 52%,种群间遗传变异为18. 48%,遗传变异主要存在于种群内。非加权组平均法(UPGMA)聚类结果表明,种群间遗传变异与其地理距离无明显相关性。应加强现有金花茶种群的就地保护,促进种群自然更新,同时加强迁地保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 To provide the scientific basis for effective protection and efficient utilization of Camellia nitidissima resource,amplified fragment length polymorphism( AFLP) technology were used to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the four natural populations of C. nitidissima. The result show that 1 619 DNA loci were obtained using eight primers,of which,1 473 loci were polymorphic,and the percentage of polymorphism was 90. 98%. The gene diversity and Shannon’s information index were 0. 146 and 0. 246,respectively,at specific level,and that were 0. 131 and 0. 215 at population level. The change trends of percentage of polymorphic loci,gene diversity and Shannon’s information index of four C. nitidissima populations were uniform. The percentage of polymorphic loci ranged from 56. 83% to 72. 11%. The gene diversity index ranged from 0. 122 to 0. 138,and the Shannon’s information index ranged from 0. 197 to 0. 228. The genetic differentiation coefficient of C. nitidissima populations was between 0. 139 and 0. 289,that shows the genetic variation of C. nitidissima was mainly within the populations. The analysis of molecular variance( AMOVA) showed 81. 52% of the genetic variation was within the populations,and 18. 48% of that was among the populations. The genetic variation of C. nitidissima was mainly within the populations. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean( UPGMA) indicates that there was no significant correlation between the genetic variation of C. nitidissima populations and the geographic distance.Conservation strategies including in situ preservation for promoting natural populations regeneration and ex situ preservation of populations have been put forward.更多还原