【摘要】 为探讨⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射处理对郑麦9023的诱变效应,用200 Gy的⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射处理郑麦9023干种子,对M₃代群体166个株系的籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、硬度、沉降值、高分子量谷蛋白（GMP）含量、脂肪氧化酶（LOX）活性和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性共7个品质性状进行了遗传变异分析及高分量麦谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS）鉴定。结果表明,M₃代群体籽粒的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、LOX活性均值高于亲本,硬度、沉降值、GMP含量和PPO活性均值低于亲本。以超过群体均值±1.96×标准差[P（|u|≥1.96σ）≤0.05]为标准确定变异株系,蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量仅发生正向变异,发生变异的株系分别为5个和3个;硬度没有产生正向变异,发生负向变异的株系有7个。M₃代群体中发生高分子量谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS）变异株系6个,亚基组成从郑麦9023的Null/7+8/2+12突变为1/7+8/2+12,品质得分提高了2分。在M₃代群体中筛选出13个强筋小麦株系,无弱筋小麦突变体。说明⁶⁰Co-γ射线可以诱导蛋白质亚基发生变异,拓宽小麦的遗传基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 To clarify the mutagenic effects of radiation on quality characters of Zhengmai 9023, dry seeds of wheat were radiated by ⁶⁰Co-γ ray with the dose of 200 Gy. The genetic variation of 166 M₃ generation on protein content, wet gluten content, hardness index, sedimentation, GMP content, LOX activity and PPO activity were analyzed, as well as their HMW-GS were identified by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that the mean values of M₃ population in protein content, wet gluten content and LOX activity were higher than those of parents. Hardness, sedimentation, GMP content and PPO activity of progenies were lower than those of parents. Depending on the criterion of over mean±1.96×SD, protein content and wet gluten content only generated positive variation, no negative variation, accounting for five lines and three lines in positive variation, respectively. There were seven lines had negative variation in hardness. Six mutant lines of HMW-GS were identified in M₃ by SDS-PAGE. The subunit composition changed from Null/7+8/2+12 to 1/7+8/2+12,with 2 points quality scores increased. There were 13 mutant lines with high gluten and no lower gluten mutant line in M₃ generation. The analysis of mutant lines variation indicated that subunit composition variations could be obtained, and the genetic basis in original wheat varieties could be broadened.更多还原