【摘要】 建筑物(村庄)下压煤开采一直是困扰我国煤矿的重大技术难题。针对充填采煤技术面临的难点与挑战,结合煤系层状覆岩移动特点和控制要求研发了基于关键层控制的部分充填采煤技术。研究揭示了覆岩关键层对地表沉陷控制机理;建立了基于关键层控制的地表沉陷控制模型及部分充填采煤的设计方法;研发了采空区条带(墩柱)充填、冒落区嗣后充填和覆岩隔离注浆充填等部分充填采煤技术,已在淮北、淄博、阳泉、皖北等矿区10余对矿井的40余个工作面成功应用。部分充填采煤技术充分利用了覆岩结构的自承载能力,减少了充填工作量、降低了充填成本,是高效低成本的建筑物压煤充填开采技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal mining under buildings(villages) has been a major technical problem in China’s coal mines. In the view of difficulties and challenges faced by the current technology of backfilling mining,a new partial backfilling technology of mining based on the key-strata control is developed in combination with the characteristics of strata movement and control requirements of coal measure strata. The mechanism of key strata controlling surface subsidence is revealed and a controlling model is developed. Meanwhile,the design method of partial backfilling is established.Some partial backfilling technologies in coal mining such as gob strip(columns) backfilling,subsequent backfilling of caved zone and overburden isolated grouting backfilling,have been developed and successfully applied at more than 40 longwall working faces of approximately 10 coal mines in Huaibei,Zibo,Yangquan,and Wanbei. The partial backfilling coal mining technology uses self-bearing capacity of overburden structure,reduces the backfilling labor intensity and backfilling cost,which is an efficient and low-cost technology.更多还原