【摘要】 抄劄是北宋中期至南宋在救荒和社会救助活动中普遍实行的一种排查核实登录制度。从其"抄劄姓名,审核给历,直计口食"的过程而言,实为一种比较科学的赈灾户口调查登记制度。抄劄制度调查登记对象不仅包括遭遇大灾、特大灾害如水灾、疾疫、地震后失去基本生活资料,不分有无产业,需要救助的男女老幼全部人口,而且包括水灾、疾疫、地震、旱蝗等灾情延续过程中,生活、生存受到影响,需要赈济、赈贷、赈粜的男女老幼全部人口。由此可知,宋代在丁簿、五等丁产簿、税账、保甲簿等户口统计系统之外,还存在一个登记全部人口的赈灾户口统计系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 Registration and statistical surveys of disaster-affected households was a system widely adopted for disaster investigation and relief from the middle of the Northern Song to the Southern Song. It was a relatively scientific system of household surveys and registration for disaster relief. Those surveyed and registered, regardless of property, gender and age, included not only all those who had lost their basic subsistence and needed assistance because of a great or exceptional natural disaster, but also those whose livelihoods or survival had been affected and who thus needed relief, credit or food aid. From this we know that in addition to the household statistical systems of adult male registration, five grade property registration (五等丁产簿, wǔděng dingchǎnbù), tax registration and baojia registration for social control, there was also a system for registering the entire population affected by the disaster.更多还原