【摘要】 利用1961—2017年松花江流域31个气象站初夏降水资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用多种统计方法,讨论了松花江流域初夏降水时空分布及影响环流特征。结果表明:松花江流域初夏降水具有全流域一致型、西北—东南反位相型和东北—西南反位相型3个主要分布模态。影响3个分布型的主要环流特征分别为贝加尔湖以东低值系统—鄂霍茨克海阻塞高压(西南低—东北高)、乌拉尔山脊—西西伯利亚槽—外兴安岭脊(两脊一槽型)、渤海/华北低值系统及其东北部高压,东部局地高压或阻塞形势对松花江流域初夏降水的3个模态起到非常重要的作用。东亚—太平洋型和极地—欧亚型是对第一模态降水分布起重要作用的遥相关型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the early summer precipitation data from 31 meteorological stations in the Songhua River Basin and the NCEP/NCAR( National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research)reanalysis data from 1961 to 2017,the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation in the Songhua River Basin and the influence characteristics of circulation were discussed by statistical methods. Results show that there are mainly three modes of the precipitation in the Songhua River Basin: the consistent rainfall mode in the w hole basin,the anti-phase rainfall modes from northw est to southeast and from northeast to southw est. The main circulation characteristics affecting the three distribution modes are the low pressure at the east of Lake Baikal and Okhotsk blocking high( southw est low-northeast high),Ural ridge-West Siberian trough-Stanovoy Range ridge( a two-ridges-and-one-trough type),and the Bohai Sea and North China low pressure and the high in the northeast. The local high pressure or blocking situation plays a very important role in the formation of the three modes of precipitation in the early summer over the Songhua River Basin. The East Asia-Pacific and Polar-Eurasian types are teleconnections that play an important role in the distribution of the first mode precipitation.更多还原