【摘要】 为探究玉米播种期水分胁迫及补水对玉米出苗率的影响,利用盆栽方式在玉米播种—出苗期开展水分胁迫及复水控制对比试验,分析播种日土壤相对湿度、播种后补水时间和补水量对辽西地区玉米出苗的影响。结果表明:玉米出苗率随播种日土壤相对湿度的降低,干旱持续时间的增加和补水量的减少而减小。播种后无补水,当播种日土壤相对湿度w_播种为60%—70%时,出苗率达100%; w_播种为50%—55%时,出苗率达66. 7—77. 8%; w_播种为30%—45%时,出苗率为0。w_播种为35%—45%时,持续5—20 d干旱,补水20 mm,出苗率为66. 7%—100%,较补水10 mm的出苗率为0%—77. 8%。w_播种为35%—45%时,需在10—20 d内补水,所需补水量随补水时土壤相对湿度的减小而增加。研究结果可为春旱频发地区确定玉米播种后最迟补水时间和补水量下限提供有效的技术参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the effects of water stress and supplement during the period from sowing to seedling emergence on the emergence rates of maize,the amount and time of water supplying after sowing and soil relative water content on sowing date(w_sowing) were analyzed based on pot experiment under different water supplying schemes. The results show that the emergence rate decreases with decreases of the soil moisture,the duration of drought prolonging and the amount of water supplying reducing. Under the condition without water supplement after sowing,the emergence rates of maize are 100%,77. 8% to 66. 7% and 0% corresponding to soil moisture from 70% to 60%,55% to 50% and 45% to 30%,respectively. Whereas,when w_sowing ranges from 35% to 45%with water supplying of 20 mm for 5 to 20 days after drought,the emergence rates ranges from 66. 7% to 100%.But if the water supplying drops to 10 mm,the emergence rates drop to 0 to 77. 8%. When w_sowing ranges from35% to 45%,in order to ensure the ideal emergence rate,water supply must be conducted within 10-20 days and their amounts increase with soil moistures decreasing. The research can be used as references for determining the latest time and the minimal amount of water supplying in the areas where maize often suffer spring drought.更多还原