【摘要】 在分析以往优势流研究方法和存在问题的基础上,对拓展优势流研究与应用领域、深化优势入渗机理以及定量刻画优势入渗规律进行了探讨.研究表明,黄土斜坡地带包气带按优势通道发育特征可概化为优势通道不明显的均匀介质、以大孔隙和裂隙为通道的优势介质、以落水洞、宽大裂隙为通道的灌入介质,将包气带水分运移入渗概化为均匀入渗、优势入渗和直接灌入,均匀入渗模式可用非饱和达西流刻画,优势入渗模式亟待理论突破和软件开发,直接灌入模式可分解为均匀入渗和优势入渗来刻画.更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basis of analyzing the methods and issues in the existing preferential flow research, the expansion of research and application of the preferential flow were discussed and the preferential infiltration mechanism and quantitative characterization of preferential infiltration law were explored in depth.This paper presented that the preferential passage in the unsaturated loess slopes could be generalized as three types, i.e. the homogeneous medium with no obvious preferential passage, the preferential medium with macropore and fissure, and the inflow medium with sinkhole and large fissure. The water infiltration models could be attributed to uniform, preferential and direct infiltration. The uniform infiltration model could be characterized as an unsaturated Darcy flow. A new software or calculation method was needed for the preferential infiltration mode and the direct injection mode could be decomposed into uniform infiltration and preferential infiltration.更多还原