【摘要】 为了解析油污土壤生物学环境因子对不同生物强化修复方式的响应机制,在陇东黄土高原地区开展了为期3个月的生物强化修复实验,分析了土壤总石油烃(TPH)降解率、土壤酶活性、石油降解菌数量以及土壤微生物群落遗传多样性对不同生物强化修复方式的响应情况。结果显示:(1)土壤TPH降解率以微生物菌剂+紫花苜蓿+金盏菊处理组(T7)最高(66. 22±1. 83%),微生物菌剂+金盏菊处理组(T5)次之(58. 89±1. 51%)(P <0. 05);(2)植物微生物联合修复组(T7、T4和T5)有效提升了土壤多酚氧化酶活性(P <0. 05),而金盏菊和微生物菌剂参与的强化修复组均不同程度刺激了土壤脱氢酶活性(P <0. 05);(3)强化修复组T4、T5、T6和T7土壤微生物Shannon-Wiener指数明显高于其他处理,但T4和T5处理组土壤微生物群落Evenness指数显著高于T6和T7处理组(P <0. 05);(4)紫花苜蓿参与组可有效提升土壤烷烃降解菌数量,而金盏菊参与组则可显著提高土壤芳烃降解数量(P <0. 05)。(5) NMDS及方差分解结果显示,陇东黄土高原地区油污土壤生物学环境因子中土壤酶活性×功能微生物数量以及微生物群落多样性×功能微生物数量的共同作用分别是决定微生物强化修复和植物强化修复土壤TPH降解率的主要生物学环境指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the response mechanism of crude-oil contaminated soil biological environmental factors on different bioaugmentation patterns,the ecological remediation experiment on crude-oil contaminated soil with different bioaugmentation patterns were conducted in Longdong Loess Plateau. The degradation rate of rizospheric soil petroleum hydrocarbons( TPH),amount of TPH-degrading bacteria,soil enzyme activity and its genetic diversity of soil microbial community were investigated. We found that:( 1)the pattern of Microbial agents + Medicago sativa + Calendula officinalis( T7)( 66. 22 ± 1. 83%) demonstrated a higher TPH degradation rate than that of other patterns,and following was pattern of Microbial agents + Calendula officinalis( T5)( 58. 89 ± 1. 51%)( P < 0. 05).( 2) The pattern of combination of plant and microbial agent( T7,T4 and T5) could significantly improve the activity of soil polyphenol oxidase( P < 0. 05),while pattern involved microbial agents and Calendula officinalis could significantly improve the activity of soil dehydrogenase( P < 0. 05).( 3) The patterns including T4,T5,T6 and T7 could significantly improve Shannon-Wiener index of soil microbial community,while Evenness index of soil microbial community in T4 and T5 was significantly higher than that of in T6 and T7( P < 0. 05).( 4) The pattern involved Medicago sativa could significantly improve the amount of alkane-degrading bacteria and high amount of PAHs-degrading bacteria was observed in the pattern involved Calendula officinalis( P < 0. 05).( 5) The analysis results of NMDS and variance decomposition demonstrated that the combined action of soil enzyme activity × amount of TPH-degrading bacteria and genetic diversity of soil microbial community × amount of TPH-degrading bacteria were dominated biological environmental factor to the TPH degradation rate of crude-oil contaminated soil in Longdong Loess Plateau.更多还原