【摘要】 养殖环境优化调控和智能养殖技术与装备是现代规模化畜禽养殖的重要技术支撑。影响畜牧业可持续发展的生物安全问题、畜牧环保问题和畜禽产品质量安全问题都与养殖环境控制和养殖装备技术密切相关。文章重点围绕养殖环境智能调控、畜禽健康状态智能辨识和饲养过程智能管理3个技术领域,以热环境、空气质量和光照为主要环境调控因素,分析了养殖环境对畜禽健康的影响以及国内外环境调控的最新技术方法,介绍了以生理、行为、声音和个体自动化实时监测为途径的畜禽健康状态智能辨识技术,以及精准饲喂、机械清粪、畜产品自动收取和养殖信息系统管理等养殖过程智能管理技术与装备的发展现状以及存在的问题。提出了加快畜禽养殖环境调控与智能养殖技术研发与推广应用的相关建议,旨在为我国畜禽养殖业的绿色转型升级和健康可持续发展提供理论依据和技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Environmental control technology, management, and intelligent equipment are critical components for modern intensive livestock and poultry farming, having great impacts on its biosecurity, animal environment, and product quality, which are considered as the mostly important issues for the sustainable development of animal husbandry. Focusing on three important areas of intelligent control of animal housing environment, intelligent identification of livestock and poultry health, and intelligent feeding management, taking thermal environment, air quality, and light environment as main factors in particular, this study technically analyzes the impact of housing environment on animals’ health and the state-of-the-art technical methods on environmental manipulation in the world. Also presented in the paper is the current status of intelligent identification technology of livestock and poultry health based on physiological, behavioral, sound, and individual automatic monitoring, the intelligent feeding management and techniques, as well as equipment, including precision feeding, mechanical manure cleaning, auto-collection of animal products, and comprehensive management of animal production information. Based on summary of existing issues and challenges, relevant suggestions on research and development in future are given. The paper aims at providing theoretical basis and technical support on the transformation, upgrading and sustainable development of China’s livestock and poultry industry.更多还原