【摘要】 自20世纪60年代以来,由于生境变化和人类活动干扰,太湖水生植物种类逐渐减少,已有伊乐藻(Elodeanuttallii)、水盾草(Cabomba caroliniana)和篦齿眼子菜(Potamogeton pectinatus)3种外来迁入物种出现;1960～2014年期间,太湖水生植物总生物量呈现单峰型变化,挺水植物生物量占水生植物总生物量的比例也同样呈现单峰型变化,而其它水生植物生物量占水生植物总生物量的比例则在持续增大;太湖水生植物群落的优势种也发生了变化,沉水植物群落的优势种由马来眼子菜(Potamogeton malaianus)和苦草(Vallisneria natans)变为仅为马来眼子菜。目前,对于太湖水生植物的研究,主要集中在水生植物的分布调查、光合特征、对富营养化水体的净化和重建水生植物群落、水生植物管理等方面,在太湖北部"藻型湖区"和太湖东北"草—藻过渡湖区"重建稳定且多样的水生植物群落,已经成为太湖水生植物研究的热点和难点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 1960 s, due to habitat changes and human activities, the species of aquatic macrophytes in Taihu Lake gradually decreased and three alien species appeared(Elodea nuttallii, Cabomba caroliniana and Potamogeton pectinatus). From 1960 to 2014, the biomass of aquatic macrophytes first rose then descended.The dominant species of aquatic macrophytes in Taihu Lake also changed from Potamogeton malaianus and Vallisneria natans to Potamogeton malaianus. At present, the researches of aquatic macrophytes in Taihu Lake mainly focus on the distribution survey of aquatic macrophytes, the photosynthetic characteristics of aquatic macrophytes, the purification capacity of aquatic macrophytes, the reconstruction of aquatic macrophytes community, the management of aquatic plants and etc. How to reconstruction of stability and diversity of aquatic macrophytes community in northern algae type zone and north eastern grass-algae transition zone has become a hot spot.更多还原