【摘要】 为给五马河流域土地资源可持续利用及生态环境保护提供参考,以五马河流域中三元村为研究对象。通过野外调查和实验分析,利用相关评价方法结合地理信息技术(geographic information system,GIS),采用反距离权重(inverse distance weighting,IDW)插值分别对土壤中养分及重金属空间分布特征、含量水平及重金属生态风险进行分析,结果表明:(1)土壤中全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、有机质(SOM)总体含量较丰富,全钾(TK)非常缺乏。土壤养分空间分布TN和SOM含量北部高于南部,TP和TK含量南部高于北部; TN含量最低分布在西南、SOM和TK在中部、TP在东北;(2)Hg、Ni、Cu和Zn平均值高于贵州省背景值,Cd高出背景值和中国土壤污染风险筛选值,存在污染现象,Cr和As为清洁;重金属空间分布Cd、Cr、Hg、As和Zn含量北部高于南部,Ni和Cu含量南部高于北部; Zn含量最高分布在东北、Cu和Ni分布在中部少部分区域,Cd、Cr、Hg和As分布在西北;其中西北存在Cd污染,中部和西南少部分区域存在Cu污染,东北存在Zn污染;(3)部分采样点Cd、Hg已存在潜在生态风险,Cr、Ni、As、Cu和Zn为轻微潜在生态风险; 25%采样点重金属综合潜在生态危害为中度风险,其余为低风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to provide reference for the sustainable utilization of land resources and the protection of ecological environment in the Wuma river basin,as the Sanyuan village for the research object in the wuma river basin. Through field investigation and experimental analysis,using the related evaluation about the national standard of the second soil census and the evaluation criteria of heavy metal and the method of heavy metal potential ecological risk index,combining with geographic information system( GIS),the inverse distance weighting method( IDW) in GIS is respectively analysis space distribution characteristics for nutrients and heavy metals in the soil,and their levels of content and the heavy metals ecological risk. The results show that:(1)The soil total nitrogen( TN) and total phosphorus( TP),organic matter( SOM) overall content is rich,total potassium( TK) is very lack.Soil nutrient spatial distribution TN and SOM contents in the north were higher than those in the south,TP and TK contents in the south than north. TN content was lowest in the southwest,SOM and TK in the middle and TP in the northeast.(2)The average value of Hg,Ni,Cu and Zn is higher than the background value of Guizhou province,Cd is higher than the background value and the National soil pollution risk screening value,show that Cd has been contaminated. Cr and As are clean. The contents of Cd,Cr,Hg,As and Zn were higher in the north than south,and the contents of Ni and Cu were higher in the south than north. Zn content was highest in the northeast,Cu and Ni in a small part of the central region,and Cd,Cr,Hg and As in the northwest. Cd pollution exists in the northwest,Cu pollution exists in a small part of central and southwest regions,and Zn pollution exists in the northeast.(3) Some samples of Cd and Hg have potential ecological risks,Cr,Ni,As,Cu and Zn are clean; the comprehensive potential ecological hazard of heavy metals in 25% of the samples was moderate risk,and the rest was low risk.更多还原