【摘要】 以隆德煤矿为例,基于颗粒流和液体流2种流体力学理论,提出了预测突水溃沙流量的溃沙漏斗和突水口2种模型,探讨了地质钻孔导致隆德煤矿突水溃沙事故的形成机理和防治对策。主要研究结果包括:1)相比于溃沙漏斗模型,突水口模型预测的突水溃沙流量与现场推测数据更为接近,可以较好地揭示隆德煤矿地质钻孔导致的突水溃沙现象;其中,决定突水溃沙事故流量大小的2个关键因素为含水沙层的厚度和钻孔直径;2)建立了地表动态沉陷模型,地表溃沙漏斗中心点沉降值及影响半径均随时间的增长而增加,但加速度逐渐减小;3)提出了"采掘工程设计前,排查钻孔并封堵"的预防对策,以及"管道流变裂隙流,裂隙流变空隙流,最后注浆封堵"的治理对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking Longde coal mine as example, based on particle flow and liquid flow theories, sand bursting funnel model and water bursting nozzle model were introduced to study the flow calculation model, the mechanism of water and sands bursting and control measures in Longde coal mine were proposed. The results show that compared with the sand bursting funnel model, the flow predicted by water bursting nozzle model is more consistent with the speculate result in Longde coal mine, which means that the model can better reveal the formation mechanism of water and sands bursting. According to the water bursting nozzle model, the aquifer thickness and borehole diameter are the two dominant factors which influence the bursting flow. Based on the constructed dynamic surface subsidence model, the central sedimentation value of surface sand inrush funnel, and the influence radius increase with time, but the acceleration decreases gradually. Prevention method that geological borehole should be investigated and plugged for prevention before the mining design has been developed, while a control measure that gradually changing the pipeline flow into fracture flow and pore flow, and finally implementing grouting and plugging has also been proposed.更多还原