【摘要】 针对爆破作业中因岩体结构和构造的差异,爆破地震传递的能量不同,为了减少爆破地震在地下岩体传播过程中的爆破地震效应,通过理论研究以及模型试验,分析了爆破对炮孔孔壁的应力应变作用过程,并得出孔底空气间隔装药长度与震动持续时间、震动峰值的关系。同时结合现场浅孔、深孔爆破中炮孔空气间隔层不同间隔方式的地震效应对比,综合比较震动幅值、震动频率和震动持续时间等因素,证明不同空气间隔方式的间隔装药均能降低爆破地震效应,减小前冲、后冲,孔底空气间隔装药在3种装药方式中降震效果都较好,其降震可达10%~25%。其中,孔底间隔装药结构的爆破地震效应最小,其次为孔上部间隔装药,炮孔中部间隔装药地震效应最大。更多还原

【Abstract】 In blasting operation,energy of blasting seismic transferrs differently due to differences in rock structure and construction.In order to control blasting seismic effect effectively,the borehole stress-strain of blasting process is researched by the theoretical study and model test.The relationship of the hole length between duration of vibration and peak strain is investigated respectively.Meanwhile,the seismic effect is compared in different intervals between the shallow hole and deep hole.In addition,amplitude,frequency and duration of vibration are also comprehensive compared.The results show that air interval charge can decrease the blasting seismic effect,and reduce the impact and backlash.Moreover,compared with three loading modes,the vibration reduction is up to 10%-25%.Concretely,the vibration reduction effect is the best through the air interval charge in bottom of hole,and the upper is followed.Blasting seismic effect is maximum in the middle of air-spaced.更多还原