【摘要】 通过对3个偏心开洞且开洞面积比分别为0.3、0.4、0.46以及1个居中开洞且开洞面积比为0.46的剪力墙试件进行拟静力加载试验,研究了开洞面积和开洞位置对剪力墙抗震性能的影响。并且,应用开洞折减率探讨了其在水平极限承载力及抗侧刚度计算中的可行性。试验及计算结果表明:由于孔洞位置的偏心引起了剪力墙应力传递机构的变化,其水平极限承载力及抗侧刚度与加载方向有关;开洞位置的变化不仅引起了水平极限承载力及抗侧刚度的差异,而且裂缝开展及破坏模式的表现也不同;虽然各试件均按现行规范设计,但在加载的最后阶段仍然在剪力墙的底部出现了剪切滑移现象,因此这部分区域的抗震措施仍需进一步完善;应用开洞折减率计算开洞剪力墙水平极限承载力及抗侧刚度的方法简便可行,计算精度满足要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three specimens with various eccentric opening ratios(0.3,0.4,and 0.46) and a specimen with a central opening ratio of 0.46 were constructed and tested.The influence of opening ratio and opening location on the seismic behavior of RC structural walls was studied.Moreover,a reduction factor method was applied to evaluate the load carrying capacity and the shear stiffness.The applicability of such simple method to RC structural walls was also discussed.The experimental results and the analytical results are summarized as follow: Because the eccentric opening location changes the shear transfer mechanism,the load-carrying capacity and the shear stiffness are related to the loading direction;The change of opening location causes not only the change of load carrying capacity and shear stiffness,but also the change of cracking and failure mode.Although the specimens were designed according to the current code,the shear sliding still occurred at the bottom of first story walls at the end stage of tests.Therefore,the seismic details of such region should be improved.The method employing reduction factors to calculate the load-carrying capacity and the shear stiffness is simple,and meets the accuracy requirement.更多还原