【摘要】 目的了解公众应对台风、地震、洪灾、火灾等主要突发自然灾害事件的人群脆弱性(知识和技能掌握情况)现状,评价公众应对突发自然灾害健康教育的效果。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,对4个地区的15~69岁的城乡常住人口在干预前后分别进行重复横断面调查。结果干预前,大众对自然灾害预防相关基本知识与技能的总知晓率为68.3%,其中对台风相关知识的知晓率最高为80.0%,之后依次为火灾知识的知晓率69.7%、地震知识的知晓率67.0%、洪灾知识的知晓率62.6%;干预后大众对自然灾害预防相关基本知识与技能的总知晓率为72.5%,其中对火灾相关知识的知晓率最高为85.6%,之后依次为台风知识的知晓率77.8%、地震知识的知晓率73.3%、洪灾知识的知晓率69.1%。干预前后有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论本次健康教育效果较为显著,但开展健康教育方式应多样化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the status of the public’s vulnerability (knowledge and skills) in natural disasters in terms of their response to typhoons, earthquakes, floods, fires and other major events, to evaluate the health education effect on their response to natural disasters. Methods By the multi-stage cluster random sampling, a repeated cross-sectional survey was conducted among 15-69 years old residents in four areas from August 2010 to the end of 2012 before and after the intervention. Results The total knowledge rate of the public’s response to natural disasters was 68.26% before the intervention, among which the knowledge rates of typhoons, fires, earthquakes and floods were 80.0%, 69.7%, 67.0% and 62.6% respectively. After the intervention, the total knowledge rate of the public’s response to natural disasters was 72.5%, among which the knowledge rates of fires, typhoons, earthquakes and floods were 85.6%, 77.8%, 73.3% and 69.1% respectively. Significant difference existed before and after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of health education in the study was significant and the diversified health education should be carried out.更多还原