【摘要】 为探讨薄壳山核桃半同胞家系子代苗期生长情况和选择利用潜力,给薄壳山核桃苗期优良砧木选择提供依据。以薄壳山核桃15个自由授粉半同胞家系1年生子代幼苗为材料,对其生长和叶绿素荧光特性进行了测定。结果表明:薄壳山核桃家系生长指标和荧光参数在家系间有极显著的差异(P<0.01);各家系间存在丰富的变异,变异系数以根干质量、茎干质量、叶干质量、冠根比和品质指数均较大,表明各家系具有选择潜力。苗高和地径以家系3、6、8和11号较大,其中苗高最大值是59.88 cm,地径最大值是0.86 cm;单株生物量和品质指数以家系1号、7号较大,并且这2个家系的根干质量分别为59.72 g和56.92 g;家系1、2、3、6和15号的Fm/Fo(PSⅡ电子传递情况)和Fv/F0(PSⅡ潜在的光化学活性)较大,其中家系3号的Fm/Fo和Fv/Fo高达5.60和4.58。相关分析表明,Fm/Fo、Fv/Fm(PSⅡ最大光化学效率)与苗高、地径和茎干质量呈显著正相关,PIABS(光合性能指数)与高茎比呈显著负相关,Fm/Fo、Fv/Fm可作为薄壳山核桃苗期苗高、地径和茎干质量快速评判的有效指标。通过综合评价和聚类分析,将综合评价(D)值较高的6个家系划分为3类,其中家系3号、6号表型性状和PSⅡ光合效率均优良;家系8号和11号表型性状一般,而PSⅡ光合效率较高;家系1号和7号表型性状和PSⅡ光合效率均一般。薄壳山核桃家系子代苗期表型生长越优良,其PSⅡ指示光合效率的荧光参数值越高,说明叶绿素荧光参数在一定程度上可以反映家系子代苗期的生长状况,能为薄壳山核桃苗期优良砧木的选择提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the growth and selection potential of the offsprings of the pecan half-sib family and provide a basis for the selection of good rootstock of Carya illinoensis,the growth and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics were determined.The results showed that the growth indicators and fluorescence parameters had significant differences among families(P<0.01)and these families had rich variations of root dry weight,stem dry weight,leaf dry weight,crown root ratio and quality index,indicating that each family had the potential for selection.The seedling height and the ground diameter were larger in the 3,6,8 and 11 families,and the maximum seedling height was 59.88 cm,and the maximum ground diameter was 0.86 cm.The biomass and quality index per plant were larger in families 1 and 7,and the root weight values of these two families were 59.72 g and 56.92 g,respectively Fm/Fo(PSII electron transport)and Fv/Fo(PSII potential photochemical activity)of families 1,2,3,6 and15 were larger and the two indicators of Family3 were as high as 5.60 and 4.58.Correlation analysis showed that Fm/Foand Fv/Fm(maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII)were significantly positively correlated with seedling height,ground diameter and stem dry weight which could be used as an effective indicator for rapid evaluation at the seeding stage. Also,PIABS(photosynthetic performance index) was significantly negatively correlated with high stem ratio. By comprehensive evaluation and cluster analysis,6 families with higher comprehensive evaluation(D)values were divided into 3 categories.The phenotypic traits and PSII photosynthetic efficiency of families 3 and 6 were excellent.The phenotypic traits of families 8 and 11 were average,while the photosynthetic efficiency of PSII was better.The phenotypic traits and PSII photosynthetic efficiency of families 1 and 7 were average.The better the phenotypic growth of the family at the seedling stage was,the higher the fluorescence parameter of PSII was.It shows that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters could reflect the growth of the family at the seedling stage to a certain extent and provide reference for the selection of fine rootstocks of Carya illinoensis seedlings.更多还原