【摘要】 分析我国隧道及地下工程的现状,包括铁路隧道、公路隧道、地铁隧道、水工隧洞、市政隧道和地下能源洞库等。总结近年来我国隧道及地下工程在各个方面的技术发展与创新,包括:勘测与地质预报、设计方面、施工方面、防灾救灾与通风照明、风险控制与运营管理、防水排水新材料与新工艺应用等方面。重点对施工技术方面的技术发展与创新进行了较为详细的阐述,包括:浅埋暗挖技术,盾构、TBM装备与施工技术,单护盾TBM,敞开式TBM,矩形顶管技术,盾构始发、到达零覆土技术,岩溶隧道处理技术,高地应力隧道变形控制及岩爆处理技术,钻爆法机械化作业线,瓦斯隧道问题,沉管隧道技术等。最后,对我国隧道及地下工程的发展进行展望,认为:特长隧道将成为我国隧道建设的"新常态",地铁工程将持续发展,城市铁路将逐步地下化,城市地下公路会悄然兴起,城市排蓄水工程深层隧道方案值得推广,地下空间开发利用与地下管廊工程将由原来的"单点建设、单一功能、单独运转"转化为"统一规划、多功能集成、规模化建设"的新模式,地下能源洞库将成为必然,南水北调西线工程值得期待,三大海峡通道的建设势在必行,互联互通的国际通道建设其隧道工程将会很多,也会遇到诸多挑战。总之,我国隧道及地下工程事业将会有更大的进步和更为广阔的发展空间。更多还原

【Abstract】 The state-of-the-art of the tunnels and underground works in China,including railway tunnels,highway tunnels,Metro tunnels,hydraulic tunnels,municipal-service tunnels and underground energy storage caverns,are analyzed. The technological development and innovation of tunnels and underground works in China are summarized in terms of geological prospecting and prediction,design,construction,disaster prevention,ventilation and lighting,risk control and operation management,and application of new materials and technologies related to waterproofing and drainage. The technological development and innovation of construction technologies,including shallow-cover mining method,TBM( shield) equipment and tunneling technology,single-shield TBM,open-mode TBM,rectangular pipe jacking method,shield launching and arriving at the ground surface,treatment of karst tunnel,deformation control technology and rock burst control technology for high ground stress tunnel,mechanization of drilling and blasting method,gas tunnel and immersed tunnel,are presented in detail. In the end,the development of tunnels and underground works in China is prospected. Conclusions drawn are as follows: There will be more and more extremelylong tunnels in China; Metro tunnels will be developed continuously; Underground urban railway tunnels will be built;urban underground highways will be build; Deep drainage tunnel system in urban area is worth popularizing; A new mode will be adopted for the development and use of underground space and underground utility tunnels; The underground energy storage cavern is a trend; The west line of South-to-North Water-diversion Project is worth to be focused; Bohai Strait Crossing Tunnel,Taiwan Strait Crossing Tunnel and Qiongzhou Strait Crossing Tunnel will be builtdefinitely; There will be numerous tunnels to be constructed on the future international railways,and large challenges will be encountered. Briefly,there will be larger progress and larger development in the field of tunnels and underground works in China.更多还原