【摘要】 为解决铜离子废水的污染问题,以湖北某碳酸盐型铜尾矿为原料,通过搅拌磨机械活化方式进行了以废治废可行性研究,并对机械活化可能引发尾矿泥化的问题和可能释放尾矿中金属离子的问题进行了论证,最后通过XRD技术分析了铜离子的去除机理。结果表明:①在机械活化作用下,湖北某碳酸盐型铜尾矿可以有效去除模拟废水中的铜离子。当尾矿添加量与铜离子(由硝酸铜提供)的质量比为18∶1、模拟废水铜离子初始浓度为100 mg/L、反应时间为60 min情况下,铜离子去除率达99.83%。该铜尾矿对硫酸铜型含铜模拟废水的处理效果明显好于硝酸铜型模拟废水。②由于机械活化与实际磨矿过程的强度存在明显差别,因此,机械活化没有造成铜尾矿粒度的明显变化;同时活化后的矿浆中金属离子的浓度非常低,因此,机械活化也不存在释放金属离子的问题。③铜尾矿处理模拟含铜废水过程中,起主要作用的是方解石,机械活化加速了方解石的溶解与电离,其产生的碳酸根离子发生水解进而引起矿浆pH值的升高,最终使铜离子发生沉淀反应。对于硫酸铜型模拟废水而言,生成的沉淀主要为一水铜蓝矾;对于硝酸铜型模拟废水而言,生成的则是无定型状态的铜矿物。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the pollution problem of copper-containing wastewater,a kind of carbonate copper tailing in Hubei Province was used as raw material to study on the feasibility of utilizing waste for controlling pollution by means of mechanically-activated copper tailings with stirring mill. Thepossibility of sliming tailings and releasing metal ions by mechanical activation was demonstrated. Finally,the removal mechanism of copper ions was analyzed by XRD. The results showed that:①Under the mechanical activation,the carbonate copper tailings in Hubei province effectively removed copper ions from simulated wastewater. Under conditions of the mass ratio of tailings to copper ions(provided by copper nitrate)18∶1,the initial copper ions concentration of simulated wastewater 100 mg/L,and the reaction time for 60 min,the copper ions removal rate was 99.83%. The treatment effect of this copper tailing on the simulated copper sulfate wastewater was obviously better than that on the simulated copper nitrate wastewater.②Since the mechanically-activated intensity differed from the actual grinding process,the particle size of the copper tailings didn’t decrease significantly. Meanwhile,the concentration of metal ions in the activated pulp was low,indicating that the mechanical activation didn’t release heavy metal ions. ③The calcite played a major role in the process of wastewater treatment. Mechanical activation accelerated the dissolution and ionization of calcite,and the hydrolysis of carbonate ions caused an increase in the pH of the slurry,which ultimately caused precipitation of copper ions. For the copper sulfate type simulated wastewater,the precipitate generated was mainly posnjakite(Cu4(SO4)(OH)6·H2 O).For the copper nitrate type simulated wastewater,the precipitate was mainly composed of amorphous copper minerals.更多还原