【摘要】 镇是中国的基层行政区域单位,镇域是县域和城乡发展的重要尺度单元。文章首先对镇的相关概念与功能进行分析,然后重点梳理国内外关于镇域发展研究的主要成果。在经济发展方面,学界就镇域产业经济发展特征、机制及如何保持镇域经济活力等开展了系列研究,横向的产业、格局类研究成果较多,但纵向的全景变化及机制的研究相对薄弱;在空间重构方面,空间规划、农村居民点布局优化、中心村镇建设等得到持续关注,但缺乏对不同类型农户和社区重构过程及发展动态的深入研究;在社会管理方面,公共服务供给与公众参与机制逐渐受到重视,而对于公共服务供给能力、公共事务治理能力提升路径的研究仍较薄弱;在资源环境方面,开展了镇域土地利用、景观生态、土地整治及其效应等相关研究,但对于镇域发展规模、产业类型特征与资源环境效应的基本关系仍不明晰,对镇域系统的资源环境效率缺乏综合认知。在新时代的新型城镇化、乡村振兴和生态文明建设过程中,镇域对于区域和城乡可持续发展的作用将更加关键。应着力加强镇域人地系统演化过程与机制、镇域空间重构与乡村振兴、镇域社会管理制度与治理模式、镇域资源环境效应优化调控及镇域发展新情况与新问题研究,以更好地服务于上述国家重大战略。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a bridge and link between urban and rural areas, town plays an important role in sharing urban functions and boosting rural development. Based on the systematic analysis of the existing literatures, this paper collated and analyzed the related concepts and functions of town, and then sorted out the main research results of the domestic and foreign academic community on the development of the township system. In terms of economic development, a series of studies has been carried out on the characteristics, mechanisms of the township’s industrial economy and how to maintain the town economic vitality. In terms of spatial reconstruction and planning, optimization of rural settlements layout, and construction of central villages and towns have received increasing attention. In terms of social management, more and more attention has been paid to the study of public service provision and public participation mechanisms. In terms of resources and environment, much efforts have been made on land use, landscape ecology, land consolidation and their effects on the township system. This paper suggests more attention should be paid to strengthen the process and mechanism of the evolution of the human-environment system of township, the township spatial reconstruction and the rural revitalization, the social governance systems and models in the township, the optimization and control of the resources and environmental effects of township, and the new situation and new problems of township development, so as to better serve the major national strategies of new urbanization, rural revitalization and the construction of ecological civilization in the new era.更多还原