【摘要】 随着我国国民经济的快速发展以及工业规模的不断扩大,工业用水量与工业废水量也逐年增长,尤其是煤化工、钢铁、医药等行业废水,增长尤为显著。不仅加剧了我国水资源的紧缺状况,众多领域产生的高盐废水也对人类生活环境造成了恶劣影响。由于高盐废水来源广泛且处理技术难度高,如何经济有效地处理高盐废水成为技术瓶颈。目前处理高盐废水的方法主要包括电解法、反渗透法、渗透法、蒸馏法、焚烧法和蒸发结晶法等,但这些方法大多存在处理费用高、运行稳定性差,或者具有二次污染等问题。而分质结晶技术以其能耗低、过程绿色且分盐产品能够实现资源化利用等优势,具有广阔的应用前景。综述了当前常用的高盐废水分质结晶技术,并对其应用状况进行分析与研究,为高盐废水真正实现零排放、分盐产品资源化利用提供研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of China’s national economy and the continuous expansion of industrial scale, the industrial water consumption and industrial wastewater volume have also increased, especially in the coal chemical, steel, pharmaceutical and other industries. This has not only aggravated the shortage of water resources in China, but also adversely affected the human living environment due to the high salinity wastewater generated in many fields. Additionally, how to deal with high salinity wastewater has become a technical bottleneck due to the wide sources of high salinity wastewater and the complexity of the compostions of the wastewater. At present, the methods for treating high salinity wastewater mainly include electrolysis, reverse osmosis, permeation, distillation, incineration, evaporative crystallization, etc. But most of these methods have high processing costs, poor operational stability, or secondary pollution problems. The fractional crystallization technology has broad application prospects because of its low energy consumption, green process and salt-distributing products. In this paper, the commonly used high salinity wastewater crystallization technologies will be summarized and analyzed. This will help to promote research and application on near-zero emissions and resource utilization of high salinity wastewater.更多还原