【摘要】 表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）是一种新型痕量表征技术,其灵敏度高、样品用量少、特征谱易辨识,尤其适用于铀酰离子等危化品的探测。在过去十几年里,纳米材料和纳米技术在新兴技术和SERS的应用方面获得了长足发展,将先进的纳米制造技术引入了SERS领域。本文总结了利用光刻、原子层沉积等技术,开发了一系列高质量的三维阵列纳米材料作为SERS基底,并应用于痕量铀酰离子的检测。其中,以Al₂O₃、HfO₂等惰性氧化物包裹修饰的银纳米棒三维阵列作为基底,灵敏度高,稳定性好,根据不同特征的拉曼振动频谱,可识别多个不同种态的铀酰离子,检出限低至nmol/L,具有潜在的实际应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Surface-enhanced Raman scattering（SERS） is a new trace analysis technology with high sensitivity, low sample dosage and easy identification of characteristic spectrum, especially suitable for the detection of dangerous chemicals such as uranyl ions. Over the past decade, nanomaterials and nanotechnology have made great progress in the application of emerging technologies and SERS, leading to the advanced nanomaterial synthesis methods being introduced into SERS field. This paper summarizes a series of high-quality 3 D array nanomaterials SERS substrates based on lithography, atomic layer deposition, etc., as well as their applications in the detection of trace uranyl ions. Especially, three-dimensional silver nanorods arrays coated with inert oxides（Al₂O₃, HfO₂, etc.） possess high sensitivity and outstanding stability, and the detection limit of uranyl ions is as low as nanomolar magnitude. Besides, multiple uranyl species could be identified on these substrates according to the differences of characteristic Raman vibration frequency, which has great potential practical applications.更多还原