【摘要】 航空碳排放量虽然不太高,但增长较快且存在高空排放特性,因此航空业成为全球碳减排的重点领域。欧盟2008/101/EC号指令在航空碳减排方面先行一步,但因合法性存在缺陷,因而进展缓慢。国际民航组织的国际航空碳抵消和减排计划虽也面对众多障碍,但将于2021年付诸实施。我国应当把握时机,推动航空碳减排的国内法制发展,积极争取国际话语权。一方面,我国应当制定气候变化基本法,将碳税纳入环境保护税征收范围,推进碳排放交易法律化,以奠定航空碳减排法制的制度基础;另一方面,我国应当重点设计促进航空低碳技术和运营的发展、合理分配航空碳排放的配额以及形成基于碳排放交易的航空能源价格的法制框架。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aviation carbon emissions are not too high, but the quantities grows fast and the emissions will conduct at high altitudes. Therefore, the aviation industry has become a key area of global carbon emission reduction. The EU Directive 2008/101/EC is one step ahead in aviation carbon emission reduction, but there are legal defects from the perspective of international conventions, thus the directive makes slow progress. ICAO’s international aviation carbon offset and emission reduction plan also faces many obstacles, but it will be implemented in 2021. China should seize the opportunity to promote the development of domestic legal system for aviation carbon emission reduction and strive for the say in the world. On the one hand, China should make basic laws on climate change, incorporate carbon tax into the scope of environmental protection tax, and promote the legalization of carbon emissions trading, so as to lay the institutional foundation for aviation carbon emission reduction legal system; on the other hand, China should focus on designing and promoting the development of aviation low-carbon technologies and operations, reasonably allocating quotas for aviation carbon emissions and forming a legal framework for aviation energy prices based on carbon emissions trading.更多还原