【摘要】 为推进畜禽粪污的资源化利用,对长沙市的粪污产生量进行了估算,分析了该地区规模化养猪场的鲜粪、沼液和污水样品中主要养分含量,并对耕地的氮磷负荷和畜禽承载量进行了估算。结果表明:长沙地区2017年猪粪污总产生量为4.92×10⁶ t。粪便氮、磷（P₂O₅）、钾（K₂O）含量范围分别为0.495%～5.01%、0.135%～9.69%和0.25%～3.91%,平均含量磷（P₂O₅）>氮>钾（K₂O）;粪便有机质含量丰富,平均为82.53%;沼液和污水的养分含量呈现变化范围广、变异度大的特征,沼液氮、磷（P₂O₅）、钾（K₂O）平均值分别为0.89、0.37、0.7 g/L,有机质含量平均为4.22 g/L;污水养分检出率为71.43%～90.48%;单位耕地面积的氮、磷负荷量分别为61.93、86.54 kg/hm2,耕地畜禽承载量约为830万猪当量。研究结果可为养殖结构的调整和畜禽粪污的肥料化利用提供支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to promote the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, the output of piggery waste was estimated in Changsha area. Further, the major nutrient contents in fresh manure, biogas slurry and wastewater from large-scale piggery in this area were analyzed, as well as the nitrogen and phosphorus loading and animal carrying capacity of farmland were calculated. The results indicated that the total output of piggery wastes in Changsha area was 4.92×106 t in 2017. The content of nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P₂O₅）and potassium（K₂O） in pig manure was 0.495%～5.01%, 0.135%～9.69% and 0.25%～3.91%, respectively, beside, the average content was P₂O₅> N> K₂O. A high content of organic matters in pig manure was averagely at 82.53%. The nutrient contents in biogas slurry and wastewater showed an extensive variation scope and high variability. The average content of N, P₂O₅, K₂O and organic matter in biogas slurry was 0.89, 0.37, 0.7 and 4.22 g/L, respectively. The detection rate of N, P₂O₅, K₂O and organic matter in wastewater was71.43%～90.48%. The N and P loading for unit arable land area was 61.93 and 86.54 kg/hm², respectively. The animal carrying capacity of farmland in this area was about 8.3 million pig equivalent. These results can provide basic information for optimization of livestock structure and fertilization usage of livestock and poultry wastes.更多还原