【摘要】 为研究近断层地震滑冲效应脉冲对大功率风力发电塔架结构的影响及应对措施,以丹麦某3MW风力发电塔为原型制作缩尺模型并设计相应滚球减振器进行模拟地震振动台试验研究,考察其非线性动力响应及振动控制装置的有效性.选取具有滑冲效应脉冲的1999年Chi-Chi地震TCU052台站记录及其过滤修正记录作为输入,对比分析不同输入下无控制装置时模型的响应并建立试验模型的有限元模型对比数值计算结果和试验结果;考察设置滚球减振器后模型在有滑冲效应脉冲记录下的响应,对比分析了在总重相等时单个滚球和多个滚球布置方案下减振器的减振效果.研究表明:近断层地震滑冲效应脉冲使得结构响应明显增大,建造在地震带上的大功率风电机组设计时宜考虑其不利影响;设置滚球减振器可有效减小塔架结构响应均方差30%～40%,且多个滚球布置方案优于单个滚球.更多还原

【Abstract】 Shaking table tests of a 1∶20scale model of a 3 MW wind turbine tower were carried out under the excitation of near-fault ground motion with fling step.Rolling-ball vibration absorbers were designed to mitigate the tower’s dynamic response.A record with fling step from 1999Chi-Chi earthquake at TCU052station was chosen and the record without fling step was obtained by filtering the former record through a 4th order Butterworth filter.The nonlinear dynamic responses of the model without absorber were studied and compared with the results from finite element analysis.Then,the effectiveness of oneball vibration absorber and multi-ball vibration absorber with the same total weight was examined under the excitation of the record with fling step.The results show that the near-fault ground motion with fling step greatly magnifies the tower’s responses.It should be noted that this effect cannot be neglected when a wind turbine tower is designed and constructed in seismic zones.The ball vibration absorbers can reduce the standard deviations of dynamic responses to about 60%～70% of those without absorber.The performance of the multi-ball vibration absorber is superior to that of one-ball vibration absorber.更多还原