【摘要】 选择传统柴油厢式货车和纯电动厢式货车为研究对象.基于GREET软件,建立适宜于我国国情的车辆全生命周期计算模型,对比分析两款车型全生命周期的能耗、温室气体排放以及标准污染物排放情况;结果表明:纯电动货车全生命周期内的百公里能耗比柴油货车降低了6.57%,化石燃料、天然气、石油的百公里消耗量分别降低14.4%、58.8%、96.8%;纯电动货车CH₄、VOC、CO、NO_x的排放分别比柴油货车低16.7%、14.8%、63.0%和63.4%,而柴油货车的CO₂和SO_x的排放量比纯电动货车低7.2%和96.8%.同时对车辆进行不确定性分析和单因素的敏感性分析发现,纯电动货车全生命周期内CO₂排放量对电能生产阶段的敏感度高达66.9%,而且相较于柴油货车,纯电动货车在全生命周期能耗、一次能源消耗以及主要污染物的排放等方面受车辆寿命的影响较小,在长期运行过程中更能发挥其在节能减排方面的优势.更多还原

【Abstract】 The vehicle life cycle model suitable for Chinese national conditions is established, based on GREET, to analyze the energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and standard pollutant emissions over the life cycle of the two kinds of vans, the traditional diesel van and pure electric van. The results show that the energy consumption in the life cycle of the electric van is 6.57% lower than that of the diesel van, and the consumption of fossil fuel, natural gas and oil is reduced by 14.4%, 58.8% and 96.8%, respectively. The emissions of CH₄, VOC, CO and NO_x of the electric van is 16.7%, 14.8%, 63% and 63.4% lower than that of the diesel van, however, the emissions of CO₂ and SO_x of diesel van is 7.2% and 96.8% lower than that of the electric van. At the same time, the uncertainty and the sensitivity analysis results show that the CO₂ emission in the whole life cycle of the electric van is very sensitive to the power production stage up to 65.3%; and compared with the diesel van, the electric van is less affected by vehicle life in terms of life cycle energy consumption, the primary energy consumption and the main pollutant emission. The electric truck will play more important role in energy saving and emission reduction during long-term operation.更多还原