【摘要】 20世纪50年代以来,黄土高原地区实施了几项重大生态系统修复工程,包括退耕还林、牧场重建、梯田和坝地建设。经过几十年的综合治理,该地区在控制水土流失、减少入沉积物等方面取得了初步成效。更重要的是,生态系统保护和修复工程使黄土高原生态和环境发生了明显变化,如植被覆盖度增加、黄河输沙量减少、居民生活的明显改善。但目前,该地区的生态系统修复模式仍然存在诸如水土保持功能低而不稳、生态产业发展不均衡、科技水平不高等问题。通过总结黄土高原不同尺度生态系统修复模式的基础上,探讨了由此带来的生态效应,并提出黄土高原现有修复模式中存在的问题,旨在为该地区今后的生态系统修复或治理模式提供最优化的科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1950s,several major ecological restoration projects have been implemented in the Loess Plateau,such as sloping cropland re-vegetation,pasture reconstruction,terracing and check dams. Remarkable achievements on controlling soil erosion and reducing sediments have been made benefited from these comprehensive managements. More importantly,the Loess Plateau has experienced a significant change ecologically and environmentally,such as the increased vegetation coverage,the reduced sediment transport and the improved residents’ livelihoods.However,there are still issues in the existing ecosystem restoration patterns,such as the low and unstable soil or water conservation,unbalanced development of ecological industry,and low-level of technological capability.In this research,we summarized the restoration patterns of different scale ecosystems on the Loess Plateau,discussed the potential ecological effects,and proposed potential problems in current ecosystem restoration patterns to provide operable scientific grounds for the regional ecosystem restoration patterns in the future.更多还原