【摘要】 利用烟气稀释采样系统,针对不同功能区城市生活垃圾（MSW）样品,分别考虑桶内焚烧和自然堆积焚烧两种常见露天焚烧方式,对城市生活垃圾露天焚烧排放PM2. 5中重金属的污染特征及其居民暴露健康风险进行分析和评估.结果表明,5种不同组分垃圾焚烧排放的重金属中,锌（Zn）含量均为最高,可达1 324. 03～3 703. 12 mg·kg^-1,镉（Cd）含量最低,为20. 25～63. 68 mg·kg^-1;地累积指数结果显示,铅（Pb）、Zn、砷（As）和Cd的污染程度较高,自然堆积焚烧下均已达中度及以上污染水平,Cd的地累积污染指数远大于5;人体健康风险评估结果表明,8种重金属（Pb、Zn、Cu、Mn、As、Cd、Cr和Ni）经呼吸暴露的非致癌风险值均小于1,属于安全范围内;自然堆积焚烧下,As和Pb对儿童经皮肤接触的非致癌总风险值大于1,存在非致癌风险; 4种致癌元素（As、Cd、Cr和Ni）的致癌风险值均小于1. 0×10^-4,但若长期处于这种环境下,会存在较低的潜在致癌风险.更多还原

【Abstract】 The characteristics and health risk assessment for heavy metal pollutants in PM2. 5 discharged from the open burning of municipal solid waste( MSW) in different functional areas were studied using a flue gas diluted sampling system. The two common open burning modes of barrel and natural pile-up burning were considered. The results show that the concentration of zinc( Zn) was the highest among the heavy metals produced by five different components of waste incineration,ranging from 1 324. 03 to 3 703. 12 mg·kg-1. The concentration of cadmium( Cd) was the lowest,ranging from 20. 25 to 63. 68 mg·kg-1. According to the geoaccumulation index,lead( Pb),Zn,arsenic( As),and Cd were highly polluted in the measured MSW samples,and all four of these metals reached moderate or higher levels of pollution under natural pile-up burning methods. The geo-accumulation index of Cd was much higher than 5. The results of the human health risk assessment showed that non-carcinogenic risk values for 8 heavy metals( Pb,Zn,Cu,Mn,As,Cd,Cr,and Ni) by respiratory exposure were less than 1,which is within the safe range. For natural pile-up burning,the total non-carcinogenic risk values for As and Pb for children were higher than 1,indicating a non-carcinogenic risk. The carcinogenic risk values for four carcinogenic elements( As,Cd,Cr,and Ni) were less than 1. 0 × 10-4,but still represented a low potential carcinogenic risk under exposure for long periods of time.更多还原