【摘要】 为准确了解中国地区气溶胶光学特性,通过1990～2017年的MERRA2数据集中的气溶胶光学厚度数据,采用Man-Kendall趋势检验法和Sen’s slope变化趋势分析法,从不同的时空尺度和气溶胶类型上分析中国地区AOD值的时空变化特征.结果表明:(1)从年际尺度上看,1990～2017年AOD年均值整体呈波动上升趋势;从季节尺度上看,月均值整体呈春夏秋依次递减,冬季有所提升的趋势,地形和气候环境是其主要影响因素.(2)在空间上,AOD年均值呈现东南高西北低的特征,西南部四川盆地、西北的塔里木与吐鲁番盆地等为AOD值的高值区,青藏高原地区为AOD值的低值区,同时AOD的MK值和Sen’s slope值也呈现由东南向西北递减的趋势.(3)沙尘气溶胶和硫酸盐气溶胶影响分布具有明显的区域差异.与地形、气候变化以及人类活动强度有着密切联系.更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to accurately understand the optical characteristics of aerosols in China,based on Mann-Kendall（MK） and Sen’s slope trend analysis methods,the spatiotemporal variations of aerosol optical depth（AOD） derived from MERRA-2 reanalysis datasets were estimated in China for the period of 1990-2017. The results showed that（1） for the interannual scale,there was a significant increasing trend in the annual mean AOD in China during 1990-2017. Besides,high aerosol loadings were observed in spring and summer,and the seasonal difference between the eastern and western regions was large. This was mainly due to the topographic and meteorological factors.（2） At the spatial scale,the annual mean AOD values increased from the northwest to the southeast,with characteristically high AOD values occurring in Sichuan Pendi and the Tarim and Turpan basins and low values in the Qinghai-Xizang plateau region. Similarly,the AOD MK value and Sen’s slope value showed significant decreasing trends from the southeast to the northwest,which was closely related to climate change and the human activity intensity.（3） In regard to black carbon aerosol,dust aerosol,organic carbon aerosol,sea salt aerosol,and SO₄ aerosol,dust and SO₄ aerosols were affected by the air humidity and human activity intensity,which have obvious regional differences in China.更多还原