【摘要】 采用卫星和地面观测臭氧（O₃）浓度,分析2013年以来我国O₃的时空分布和年际变化特征.卫星观测对流层O₃总量和地面观测O₃浓度分布相互印证,我国高浓度O₃主要分布在东部人口密集、经济发达的区域,并且呈现夏季高、冬季低的季节分布趋势. 4个重点关注城市（北京、上海、广州、成都） O₃日变化均呈现单峰分布,最高值在每日15:00～16:00.统计分析发现,4个城市除上海市之外,其他3个城市O₃浓度在周末和工作日没有显著差别,表明O₃的"周末效应"减弱. 2013年4月～2018年6月,我国地面观测O₃浓度呈现明显上升趋势. 2014～2017年,北京、上海和成都市近地面O₃浓度分别以2. 36、3. 3和3. 6μg·（m³·a）^-1的速度显著上升. 4个城市2014～2017年O₃超标天数占比分别为17. 2%（北京）、10. 7%（上海）、8. 8%（广州）和11. 2%（成都）,北京市O₃超标天数最多、超标期间O₃浓度最高,O₃污染最为严重.更多还原

【Abstract】 Satellite and surface observed O₃ concentrations were applied to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution and trends of O₃ over China. The satellite and surface observations agree well,revealing that the highest concentrations of O₃ are distributed in East China,and with a seasonal pattern of high in summer and low in winter. Records of the diurnal variation of O₃ over the four cities of interest（ Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Chengdu） reveal that O₃ peaked at 15: 00-16: 00 each day. Statistical analysis indicates that there is no significant difference in O₃ concentration between weekends and weekdays for the cities of Beijing,Guangzhou,and Chengdu. Surface O₃ over China increased dramatically from April 2013 to June 2018. The increase of the surface O₃ concentration from 2014 to 2017 is significant for Beijing, Shanghai, and Chengdu, and the rates of increase were 2. 36,3. 3, and 3. 6μg·（ m³·a）^-1,respectively. Analysis based on the daily max 8 h rolling mean O₃ concentration reveals that the percentage of days with O₃ concentration exceeding the national standard( 160 μg·m^-3) in 2014-2017 were 17. 2% for Beijing,10. 7% for Shanghai,8. 8% for Guangzhou,and 11. 2% for Chengdu. O₃ pollution is most severe in Beijing where the highest O₃ concentration occurs,along with the largest number of days with daily max 8 h rolling O₃ concentration exceeding 160 μg·m^-3.更多还原