【摘要】 石油使用量的增大导致石油污染量的增加.为经济有效地修复低污染浓度的石油烃污染土壤,了解蚯蚓对植物去除土壤石油烃的影响,探讨蚯蚓对土壤石油烃污染的修复效应,通过人工制备石油烃污染土壤,采用植物〔紫茉莉(Mirabilis jalapa L.)、凤仙花(Impatiens balsamina L.)、西伯利亚鸢尾(Iris sibirica L.)〕以及植物-蚯蚓〔赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetda)〕两种处理模式进行60d的盆栽试验,通过测定土壤中w(石油烃)、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶的活性变化来解析蚯蚓对植物修复土壤石油烃效率的影响.结果表明:相同处理条件下,凤仙花、紫茉莉与西伯利亚鸢尾土壤中石油烃去除率分别为36. 32%、32. 70%、29. 82%,凤仙花的土壤修复效果最佳.添加蚯蚓后,对应凤仙花、紫茉莉与西伯利亚鸢尾土壤中石油烃的去除率分别为40. 73%、36. 10%、32. 80%,显著高于未添加蚯蚓土壤,表明添加蚯蚓能够促进植物对土壤中石油烃的修复效果.土壤修复过程中过氧化氢酶与多酚氧化酶活性总体呈上升趋势,添加蚯蚓对土壤酶活性具有刺激作用.土壤中过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶活性均与w(石油烃)呈显著负相关(相关系数分别为-0. 79和-0. 90,P均小于0. 05),说明土壤中过氧化氢酶与多酚氧化酶可能参与了土壤中石油烃的降解过程.研究显示,蚯蚓能够强化植物对石油污染土壤的修复效果,为植物/蚯蚓联合修复石油污染土壤提供了技术依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 Petroleum in soil has become more serious due to the increasing use of petroleum. This study aimed to find an economic and effective remediation solution for petroleum polluted soil with low concentration,and to investigate the effect of earthworm on plant remediation efficiency in petroleum-polluted soil. A 60 d incubation experiment was carried out using an anthropogenic petroleum-polluted soil with two treatments including three different plant varieties treatments( Impatiens balsamina L.,Mirabilis jalapa L.,Iris Sibirica L.)and combined plant plus earthworm( Eisenia Foetda) treatment. The contents of the total petroleum hydrocarbon and the activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in the soil were measured at the end of the experiment. Results showed that the removal efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil under Impatiens balsamina L.,Mirabilis jalapa L.,Iris Sibirica L. treatments were 36. 32%,32. 70% and29. 82%,respectively,and Impatiens balsamina L. had the best remediation effect for petroleum pollution. After adding earthworm,the removal efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil under Impatiens balsamina L.,Mirabilis jalapa L.,Iris Sibirica L. treatments reached40. 73%,36. 10% and 32. 80%,respectively,all of which were significantly higher than that in the corresponding plant-treated soils.Accordingly,the addition of earthworms could significantly promote the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon by plants in the soil.Moreover,the activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in the soil increased under the addition of earthworm,indicating that earthworm may stimulate the activities of these two enzymes. Meanwhile,the activities of the two enzymes were significantly and positively correlated with the petroleum hydrocarbon content,suggesting that catalase and polyphenol oxidase were involved in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil. In summary,our study indicated that earthworm addition could facilitate the remediation efficiency of plants for petroleum pollution in soil,it also demonstrated the probability of earthworm incorporation when using plants to restore petroleum-polluted soils.更多还原