【摘要】 植物和土壤的δ¹³C（碳同位素组成）能可靠记录环境信息,综合反映植物的生理生态特征以及碳循环过程中的生物化学过程,为人们理解生态系统碳循环提供有用信息.因此,研究植物和土壤的δ¹³C与环境因子的关系可以揭示生态系统碳循环的格局及其控制因子,进而有效预测全球变化及其对生态系统的影响.对植物和土壤的δ¹³C以及二者的差值(Δδ¹³C)与气候因子（如温度、降水量、大气压强等）、土壤因子（如C/N、土壤质地、土壤pH等）的关系进行了综述.现有研究表明:C3植物的δ¹³C与降水量、大气压强均呈负相关,与温度的关系非常复杂,而针对C4植物和在群落水平上开展的研究还较少;土壤δ¹³C与降水量、土壤C/N、土壤w（粉粒）及w（黏粒）均呈负相关,与温度、土壤pH、土壤w（砂粒）均呈正相关,然而环境因素间的耦合作用使得情况复杂化,多种环境因素的匹配关系究竟如何影响土壤δ¹³C的机制问题仍有待深入研究;Δδ¹³C能够更加全面准确地反映土壤碳循环信息,但对其与环境因子关系的研究较少,并且影响Δδ¹³C的驱动因子及机制也不明确.因此,在土壤-植物体系内,同时在物种和群落水平上,进行植物和土壤δ¹³C特别是Δδ¹³C与环境因子关系的研究,能够更加准确地预测和揭示环境变化对生态系统碳循环的影响,这也将是今后该领域的研究重点.更多还原

【Abstract】 Plant and soil carbon stable isotope composition( δ¹³C) can reliably record environmental information,comprehensively reflect the physio-ecological characteristics of plants and biochemical carbon cycle processes,and provide useful information for understanding ecosystem carbon cycles. Thus,investigating the relationships between plant and soil δ¹³C and environmental factors can reveal the patterns and controlling factors of ecosystem carbon cycles,and the potential effects of climate change on ecosystems. In this study,the relationships between plant δ¹³C,soil δ¹³C and Δδ¹³C( the differences between plant and soil δ¹³C) and temperature,precipitation,atmospheric pressure,soil C/N ratio,soil texture and soil pH were reviewed. The δ¹³C of C3 plant was negatively related to precipitation and atmospheric pressure,while the relationship between temperature and the δ¹³C of C3 plant was complex. Only limited studies were available on C4 plants,or mixed C3/C4 communities. Soil δ¹³C was negatively related to precipitation,soil C/N,soil clay and silt content,positively related to temperature,soil pH and soil sand content. However,the coupling effects of environmental factors suggest that the integrated effects of environmental factors on soil δ¹³C were worth further study. Although Δδ¹³C could comprehensively reflect this integrated effect,studies on the relationships between Δδ¹³C and environmental factors were limited,and the control factors of Δδ¹³C and influencing environmental mechanisms were unclear. Based on the deficiency of existing research,we suggest that measuring plant δ¹³C at both species and community levels,soil δ¹³C and Δδ¹³C simultaneously can more accurately reveal and predict the effects of environmental change on ecosystem carbon cycle,and this should be the focus of future research.更多还原