【摘要】 生态系统价值核算是开展生态系统保护成效评估的重要手段,也是支撑生态文明制度体系建设的关键技术之一.指标体系的设定是开展生态系统价值核算的重要前提和基础,但当前生态系统价值还缺少统一的核算指标,因此,在一定程度上制约了生态系统价值在生态系统管理与决策中的应用.在总结归纳当前生态系统价值相关指标体系的基础上,以服务于生态系统管理和相关绩效考核为目标,提出了包括生物生产性、人类收益性、保护成效性、实际发生性、实物度量性、数据可获性、持续更新性、非危害性在内的8项生态系统价值核算原则,筛选形成了包括7个功能类别、15个一级科目和26个二级科目的生态系统价值核算指标体系,并针对实物量达到一定数值才能形成服务的指标设定了核算基准.以厦门市为例探讨了这一指标体系的应用能力,其不仅包括了厦门市主要生态系统服务,而且体现了厦门市作为沿海旅游城市的区域特色.在此基础上,探索了开展生态系统价值统计核算的可能途径,主要包括建立生态系统价值统计核算公式,编制技术导则,开展培训、制定定期发布制度等,旨在为实现生态系统价值的业务核算及其应用提供技术支撑.更多还原

【Abstract】 Estimating ecosystem values is a vital approach to assessing the effects of ecosystem protection,which also serves as a key technology in constructing the system of ecological civilization. It needs to build an indicator system,which is an important premise and foundation in estimating ecosystem values. However,the current ecosystem value estimation lacks the consistent estimating indicators,to some extent prohibiting the application of ecosystem values in ecosystem management and decision-making. Therefore,aiming to help ecosystem management and performance assessment,this study developed an indicator system for estimating ecosystem values based on recent advances in relevant indicators of ecosystem values and 8 principles,including biological production,human benefit,protection effect,really happening,physical measurement,data availability,continuous renewal,and non-harmfulness. The built indicator system involved 8 function types,15 primary indicators,and 21 secondary indicators. A series of estimating benchmarks for the indicators that happened under certain conditions were also set. Furthermore,selecting Xiamen City as a case study,we examined the application ability of the built indicator system. Results showed that it not only contained Xiamen’s main ecosystem services but also exhibited its regionalfeatures as a coastal tourist city. To support the administrating accounting of ecosystem values and its application,possible approaches of statistical accounting ecosystem values were further explored,including developing statistical accounting formulas,compiling technical guideline,carrying out training,making regular release system,etc.更多还原