【摘要】 本文以广州市某生活垃圾填埋场为实例,通过监测场区、周边敏感点的空气和地下水的相关指标,依据现行生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准,以及环境空气和地下水质量标准,分析了空气和地下水的污染状况.监测结果表明,风向是影响周边空气污染状况的主要因素,下风向监测点硫化氢和臭气指标超标状况比上风向监测点严重,温度高、湿度大、风速小的季节空气污染较严重;渗滤液及地下水流向是周边地下水污染状况的最主要影响因素,地下水上游位置的监测井地下水相关指标未超标,布置于地下水下游的4个监测井的总大肠杆菌、氨氮、锰、亚硝酸盐、耗氧量均超出《地下水质量标准》Ⅲ类限值,已达到重度污染的程度,且各污染监测井之间高度相关,相关系数均达0.99以上,而与背景井相关性很小,说明监测井的污染由渗滤液造成.主成分分析表明,污染因子主要来自3种不同的污染源,铅和锰、亚硝酸盐和大肠杆菌、氨氮和耗氧量分别来自不同的污染源,地下水污染因子超标特点可能与填埋垃圾成分有关.更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper took a domestic waste landfill site in Guangzhou as the study site. According to the current pollution control standards of domestic waste landfill sites and the ambient air and groundwater quality standards, the pollution status of air and groundwater in the landfill was analyzed by monitoring the relevant indicators of air and groundwater in the area and surrounding sensitive points. The results showed that wind direction is the main factor affecting the surrounding air pollution. The levels of hydrogen sulfide and odors in downwind were higher than those in the upper wind direction. Air pollution was more serious in the season of high temperature, humidity and low wind speed. Leachate and groundwater were the most important factors affecting groundwater. At upstream locations, the monitoring factors of groundwater were within the standard range. But at the downstream, the total Escherichia coli, ammonia nitrogen, manganese, nitrite and oxygen consumption exceeded the category III of groundwater quality standard, and reached the level of serious pollution. The correlation coefficient of all the monitoring wells is more than 0.99, and the correlation with the background well is very small, which indicates that the pollution of monitoring well was caused by the leachate. The principal component analysis showed that the pollution factors mainly came from three different sources of pollution. Lead and manganese, nitrite, Escherichia coli, ammonia nitrogen and oxygen consumption came from different sources respectively. The pollution factors of groundwater may be related to the composition of landfill waste.更多还原