【摘要】 长输管道分布广阔,沿线地质形貌复杂,地质灾害难以避免。管道事故统计分析表明,受地理环境、气候及人类活动等因素影响,管道工程中的地质灾害种类繁多、危害程度也各不相同。地质灾害引发土壤运动和地表变形,从而导致埋地管道产生弯曲、压缩、扭曲、拉裂、局部屈曲等破坏行为。国内外关于管道在断层、斜坡、洪水和地面塌陷等常见灾害形式下的研究可归纳为解析法、数值法和试验法3种,其中解析法计算方便,便于工程应用;数值法灵活,可模拟较真实的工况条件;实验法更加直观,对于研究管线宏观变形意义较强。为了避免地质灾害事故,管道勘察设计阶段应尽量避绕不稳定地质区域;无法避绕的,应采取合理的敷设方案和预防措施,以增强管道对地质灾害的抵抗能力;对于在役管道,则应预测灾害类型,制定相应防护措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 The long-distance pipelines distribute extensively,along which is complex geological profile,so geological disaster does not avoid.Analysis on pipeline accidents showed that there exist many kinds of geological disasters and different damage degrees in pipeline projects affecting from geographical environment,climate and human activity.Geographical disaster resulted in soil movement and ground deformation,so buried pipeline will occur bend,compress,distort,rip,and part flection and other breakage activities.There are three kinds of research methods including resolution method,numerical value method and test method to common disasters under condition of faultage,slope,flood and ground sink.Resolution method calculate expediently,it is easy to be applied into project;numerical value method is flexible and it can simulate really work condition;test method is more visual and with important meaning for research pipeline macroscopic deformation.During pipeline reconnaissance design,it should keep away from geologic area,if it is not avoidable that design should adopt reasonable layout plans and prevention actions to enhance the ability of pipeline resistance to geological disasters.For pipeline under in service,we should forecast disaster type and set up corresponding defend measures.更多还原