【摘要】 文章根据江淮地区气象资料和污染物质量浓度资料,分析风向、风速等气象要素对颗粒物质量浓度的影响。研究发现,江淮地区受PM_2.5污染程度高于PM₁₀。春季各风向所占比例较均匀,风速适中,较好的扩散条件使得空气优良比例居多;夏季主导风向转为东风至南风,携带较清洁西太平洋暖湿气流,使得空气优良比例较多;秋、冬季西北、北、东北风向所占比例较高,不良扩散条件和气流输送使得空气污染比例增高,占比达到55.6%。颗粒物对风速敏感程度分析研究表明,春、夏、冬季敏感风速较大,秋季较小;春、夏、冬季皖北与沿江城市的颗粒物对风速敏感程度较小,敏感风速为5.0～5.7 m/s,需要较大风速才具有强扩散和稀释能力;江淮之间及皖南对风速敏感程度较大,敏感风速为2.2～3.0 m/s,具有相对较好扩散和稀释能力。对一次典型污染过程的研究发现,风对空气污染过程起到促进作用,风速为2.0～4.0 m/s的偏北风将北方颗粒物运输至江淮地区,且主要为高空传输。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the analysis of meteorological and air pollutant concentration data in Yangtze-Huaihe region, the influence of wind direction, wind speed and other information on the concentration of particulate matter was studied. The study found that the extent of PM_2.5 pollution in this region was higher than that of PM₁₀. In spring, the wind directions were relatively average, the wind speed was moderate, and there were more days with good air quality. The summer wind direction changed from southeast to south, and the proportion of good air quality was higher with warm and humid air flows from the Western Pacific. The NE, N, NW wind direction ratio accounted for autumn and winter was the highest and the pollution ratio is 55.6% due to poor diffusion conditions. The analysis of the sensitivity of particles to wind speeds revealed that the sensitive wind speeds in spring, summer and winter were relatively high, and that in autumn was relatively low. In spring, summer and winter, particles in Bozhou, Bengbu, Huainan, Ma’anshan, Chizhou and Tongling were less sensitive to wind speed, the sensitive wind speed ranged from 5.0 m/s to 5.7 m/s, and high wind speed was required for good diffusion and dilution. Particles in Suzhou, Lu’an, Hefei, Huangshan and Xuancheng were relatively more sensitive to wind speed, the sensitive wind speed ranged from 2.2 m/s to 3.0 m/s, with relatively good diffusion and dilution. In a typical pollution process, it was found that the wind contributed to the pollution process. The northern particles were transported to this region by the northerly wind with a wind speed of 2.0-4.0 m/s, and were mainly transported in high altitude.更多还原