【摘要】 社区灾害应急力水平直接影响到全社会自然灾害应急水平,影响到我国经济社会的稳定与发展。汶川地震和玉树地震中暴露出我国社区群众应急意识和能力不高、自组织功能单一,应急预案不够完善、社区参与应急机制发育缓慢,应急组织体系缺乏灵活性、与社区自组织合作有待加强等问题,亟须从国外吸取有益经验,提高我国社区应急力水平。美国和我国都自然灾害多发,尽管我国实行的是全政府模式的应急管理体制,但美国减灾型社区建设的成功实践经验对我国社区应急力建设具有重要的借鉴意义。为此,文章对美国减灾型社区建设中的成功经验进行分析,并结合我国的实际提出一些启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 The capability of the emergency in community directly affects the entire social disaster emergency level and the economic and social stability and development of China.There are some problems in the process of the emergency rescue in Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake,such as the lack of emergency awareness and ability,the single function of community organization,imperfectness in emergency management planning,slow development of the mechanism of full participation,the lack of flexibility in the coordination mechanism.We urgently need to learn from the successful experience of foreign countries to improve the capability of the emergency in community in China.America and China are both prone to natural disasters,although China has adopted the government-wide management system model,but there is still some experience we can learn from USA to improve the capability of the emergency mechanism in community.Thus,this paper analyzes the successful experiences of American disaster reduction community,and puts forward some enlightenment in combination with the reality of our country.更多还原