【摘要】 当前,我国多个工业行业存在较严重的产能过剩。在总结传统方法优缺点的基础上,提出一种测度产能利用率的新方法:经SFA调整的DEA法。这种方法可以有效弥补DEA法的对外部环境因素的忽略。然后,利用这种新方法测度了2006—2016年不同所有制下我国工业中34种行业的产能利用率。结果显示,无论是工业整体,还是在34个工业行业中,国有控股行业的产能利用率普遍低于私营、外资和中国港澳台资行业的产能利用率,这表明,我国的产能过剩主要是一种体制性产能过剩。在此基础上,进一步实证了我国产能过剩的影响因素,发现预算软约束、国家资本金占比、投资比重等显著正影响着我国的产能过剩,而出口对我国产能过剩的程度产生负相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,there are more serious overcapacity in many industrial industries in China. based on summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of traditional methods,a new method for measuring the utilization rate of energy is proposed:which is the DEA method adjusted by SFA. This method can effectively compensate for the DEA method’s neglect of external environmental factors. Then, using this new method, we measured the capacity utilization rate of 34 industries in different industries under different ownership systems from 2006 to 2016. The results show that the capacity utilization rate of the state-owned holding industry is generally lower than that of the private and foreign-funded industries, both in the whole industry and in the 34 industrial industries. This shows that China’s overcapacity is mainly an institutional overcapacity. On this basis,the article further demonstrated the influencing factors of China’s overcapacity,and found that factors such as soft budget constraints, the proportion of national capital, and investment proportions are significantly affecting China’s overcapacity,while export factors will reduce the degree of overcapacity in China.更多还原