【摘要】 为了探究雅鲁藏布江湘河流域生物群落结构及物种多样性现状,为西藏地区湘河流域浮游生物资源的保护及开发利用提供科学依据。本研究于2017年3～4月对湘河流域浮游生物进行了生物采样与调查,共设置采样点8个。本次调查共检出浮游植物6门61种,其中硅藻门为优势种,共41种,占总种类数的67.21%;绿藻门、蓝藻门次之,分别占总种类数的11.48%;甲藻门、隐藻门与金藻门种类较少。浮游植物密度范围为0.43×10⁵～7.2×10⁵cells/L,生物量范围为0.036～2.03 mg/L。共检出浮游动物3门44种,其中原生动物门为优势种,共30种,占总种类数的68.18%;轮虫13种;枝角类1种。浮游动物密度范围为1.5×10⁵～1.66×10⁶cells/L,生物量范围为0.9×10^-3～5.7×10^-2mg/L。各调查点浮游植物/浮游动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H）和均匀度指数（E）平均分别为4.38/3.13和0.93/0.93。多项指数综合评价表明,湘河流域水质处于轻度污染或清洁状态,浮游生物群落结构单一,密度及生物量较低,生态环境较脆弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the status of the biological community structure and species diversity in the Xiang He basin of the Yalu Tsangpo River, and to provide a scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of biological resources in Tibet, biological sam, pling and investigation of plankton in Xianghe River Basin were caried out from March to April 2017, and a total of 8 sampling sites were set out. A total of 61 species of plankton were identified in the survey belonged to 6 phylum. Among them, Bacillariophyta were the dominant ones,included 41 species, accounting for 67.21% of the total number; then followed by Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta,accounting for 11.48% of the total species respectively; Pyrrophyta, Cryptophyta and Chrysophyta were much less.Phytoplankton density in the range of 0.43×10⁵～7.2×10⁵ cells/L, biomass range of 0.036～2.03 mg/L. Meanwhile, a total of 44 species belonged to 3 phylum of zooplankton were detected, including 30 species of Protozoan,accounting for 68.18 % of the total species, 13 species of Rotifera and 1 species of Cladocera. The density of zooplankton ranged from 1.5 ×10⁵～1.66 ×10⁶ cells/L and the biomass ranged from 0.9×10^-3～5.7×10^-2 mg/L. The average phytoplankton/zooplankton Shannon-Wiener diversity index（H） and evenness index（E） were 4.38/3.13 and0.93/0.93, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation of multiple indexes showed that the water quality of the Xianghe river was slightly polluted or clean. The structure of the plankton community was single, the density and biomass were low, and the ecological environment was relatively fragile.更多还原