【摘要】 目的探讨汶川地震后儿童和青少年生命质量变化趋势和影响因素。方法采用随机抽样和系统抽样相结合的方法,利用地震创伤经历问卷(EEQ)、儿童创伤后应激障碍反应指数量表(CPTSD-RI)、儿童抑郁指数量表(CDI)以及儿童生命质量量表(PedsQL)进行调查,采用描述性统计分析、χ2检验和多元线性回归进行统计分析。结果 596名调查对象中,其生命质量总分随时间显著下降2.0(82.2∶80.2,P=0.01)。创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和抑郁是影响灾区儿童和青少年生命质量的最重要因素,PTSD或抑郁每变化1分都会引起生命质量0.3~0.5的反向变动。结论遭遇严重受伤、丧失亲人的儿童和青少年生命质量持续低迷,但没有特定创伤经历的个体生命质量也随时间显著下降,灾后心理危机干预的对象不应只包括直接卷入灾难的儿童和青少年,还应涵盖间接暴露的个体。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives To investigate the trends and risk factors of life quality of child and adolescent survivors of Wenchuan earthquake.Methods Random sampling and systematic sampling method were combined to select the objects.Earthquake traumatic Experiences Questionnaire(EEQ),Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index(CPTSD-RI),the Children’s Depression Inventory(CDI)and the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM(PedsQL)were used to carried out the investigation.Descriptive statistical analysis,chi-square tests and multiple linear regression were applied for statistical analysis.Results 596 respondents were involved in the research.Scores of quality of life decreased significantly over time by 2.0(82.2∶80.2,P=0.01).The most important risk factors of quality of life among affected children and adolescents were posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)and depression,the alteration of which would result in a reverse change of scores of quality of life from 0.3to 0.5per point,respectively.Conclusions The life quality of Child and adolescent survivors who had been seriously injured and had lost family members were in sustained downturn.However,the quality of life among child and adolescent survivors with no specific traumatic experiences decreased significantly with time,either.Therefore,the object of post-disaster psychological crisis intervention should include not only children and adolescents who were directly involved in the disaster,but individuals with indirect exposure.更多还原