【摘要】 为全面把握当前公路工程抗震减灾技术面临的机遇与挑战,回顾了公路工程抗震减灾技术的发展历程,归纳了计算理论从静力法发展到动力法、设防理念从抗震发展到减隔震、设计方法从强度设计发展到性能设计、设防对象从单体工程发展到整体路网设防及从单一地震灾害防御发展到地震等多灾害综合防御等4大发展特点。结合汶川地震、玉树地震实际情况,指出了我国目前路网抗震减灾能力不够强、公路地震灾害信息获取相对困难、次生灾害造成损失严重的现状,提出了公路结构物在地震中总体表现较好的观点。最后,指出了我国公路工程抗震减灾技术应加强路网抗灾能力、公路灾害遥感监测与评估技术、震后次生灾害防治技术、新技术研发与既有技术评价、公路结构物应急检评与应急保通技术等5个方面的研究发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to fully master the opportunities and challenges of earthquake resistance and disaster mitigation technology of highway engineering,the development of highway engineering’s seismic technology was reviewed,four main features,including the theory developed from static method to dynamic method,fortification concepts developed from simply seismic resistance to mitigation and isolation method,seismic design method developed from strength criteria to performance-based design method,and fortification object developed from one single highway structures to highway network and from earthquake disaster resistance to multi-disaster resistance,were summarized.Based on the conditions in Wenchuan and Yushu earthquake,three current deficiencies of highway system,including weaker road network anti-seismic capacity,acquisition difficulty of earthquake disaster information of highway,and secondary disasters caused serious loss,were put forward.The view that highway structures behaved well as a whole was put forward.Finally,five research areas that should be enhanced,including anti-seismic capacity of road network,road hazards monitoring and assessment using remote sensing technology,prevention technology of secondary disasters after earthquake,development of new technology and evaluation of existing techniques,emergency inspect and evaluation and emergency traffic-keeping techniques of highway structures,were suggested.更多还原